Chemiluminescent Catalyst Coupling for Nucleotide Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current DNA sequencing technologies are costly, large, and inefficient, limiting their accessibility and usability for high-throughput, cost-effective, and user-friendly genome sequencing, particularly in personalized healthcare settings where rapid identification of genetic mutations and abnormalities is crucial.
Innovation Solution
The development of compositions and systems utilizing chemiluminescence to detect polymer subunits, specifically nucleotides, by coupling catalysts to nucleotides that cause chemiluminogenic molecules to emit photons, allowing for the detection of nucleotide presence and sequence through photon emission or inhibition, enabling more efficient and cost-effective sequencing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If current DNA sequencing technologies are used, then sequencing capability is achieved, but cost and device size increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex mechanical and optical detection systems with a chemiluminescence-based detection system. Instead of using large-scale optical filters and expensive reagents, the invention uses catalyst-coupled nucleotides that emit light signals through chemical reactions, eliminating the need for complex instrumentation while maintaining sequencing capability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the detection parameter from optical absorption/fl uorescence to chemiluminescence emission. By using catalyst-coupled nucleotides that produce light signals through chemical reactions with substrates, the system achieves detection with simpler, smaller, and more cost-effective equipment while maintaining high-throughput capability
2Measurement precision
If current sequencing methodologies are used, then accurate nucleotide detection is achieved, but reagent cost and processing time increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary coupling of catalysts to nucleotides before the sequencing reaction. This pre-preparation allows the actual sequencing detection to proceed rapidly without requiring complex real-time reagent preparation or multiple processing steps, thereby reducing processing time while maintaining detection accuracy
Solution Approach 2:
The chemiluminescence detection system enables continuous monitoring of nucleotide incorporation without interruption. The light-emitting chemical reactions proceed continuously as nucleotides are incorporated, allowing real-time data collection and eliminating the need for repeated sample processing or reagent additions, thus reducing overall processing time
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach facilitates high-throughput, cost-effective, and user-friendly DNA sequencing by enabling the detection of nucleotides and their sequences through chemiluminescent signals, improving the efficiency and accessibility of genome analysis for personalized healthcare applications.
Implementation Method 1
a catalyst coupled to a first nucleotide of the second polynucleotide, the catalyst being operable to cause a chemiluminogenic molecule to emit a photon
Data Source
AI summary
Under one aspect, a composition includes a substrate; a first polynucleotide coupled to the substrate; a second polynucleotide hybridized to the first polynucleotide; and a catalyst coupled to a first nucleotide of the second polynucleotide, the catalyst being operable to cause a chemiluminogenic molecule to emit a photon. Under another aspect, a method includes providing a catalyst operable to cause a first chemiluminogenic molecule to emit a photon; providing a substrate; providing a first polynucleotide coupled to the substrate; hybridizing a second polynucleotide to the first polynucleotide; coupling a first quencher to a first nucleotide of the second polynucleotide; and inhibiting, by the first quencher, photon emission by the first chemiluminogenic molecule.