Carbon Source Identification in Chewing Gum via Isotope Analysis

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for identifying carbon sources in chewing gum products are hindered by the complexity of multi-component mixtures and the interference of inorganic fillers in carbon dating, making it difficult to distinguish between natural and petroleum-based ingredients.

Innovation Solution

A method involving pre-treatment to separate chewing gum into constituent parts by extracting inorganic fillers, followed by detection and quantification of carbon isotopes using techniques like gas chromatography and accelerator mass spectrometry to determine the relative ratios and source of carbon, distinguishing between natural and petroleum-based sources.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If carbon dating is performed on chewing gum products containing inorganic fillers, then carbon source identification is attempted, but measurement precision deteriorates due to interference from inorganic fillers

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecarbon dating accuracyVSAvoidinorganic filler interference
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies extraction by removing inorganic fillers from the chewing gum sample before carbon dating analysis. The method separates organic components containing carbon from inorganic fillers that interfere with measurement, allowing accurate carbon source identification without contamination from filler materials.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies segmentation by dividing the chewing gum sample into separate organic and inorganic components. This segmentation allows the carbon dating process to be performed exclusively on the organic fraction, eliminating interference from inorganic fillers while preserving the ability to analyze the complete sample composition.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Adaptability or versatility

If chewing gum is analyzed as a complex multi-component mixture, then comprehensive ingredient analysis is achieved, but device complexity increases making separation and identification difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveingredient analysis capabilityVSAvoidseparation process complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies the intermediary principle by using solvent extraction as a mediating process between the complex chewing gum mixture and the carbon dating analysis. The solvent selectively interacts with organic components, facilitating their separation from inorganic fillers through a controlled chemical process that simplifies the overall analysis workflow.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces complex mechanical separation methods with chemical extraction using solvents. This substitution allows for easier and more efficient separation of organic and inorganic components based on their different solubility properties, reducing the mechanical complexity of the separation process while maintaining comprehensive ingredient analysis capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This method enhances the accuracy of carbon dating by isolating organic materials from inorganic fillers, allowing for precise identification of carbon sources in chewing gum products, thereby distinguishing between natural and petroleum-based components.

Implementation Method 1

pre-treating the chewing gum or chewing gum base to separate the chewing gum or chewing gum base into constituent parts; wherein pre-treating the chewing gum involves extracting inorganic filler from the chewing gum or chewing gum base

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectExtraction:

Implementation Method 2

detecting presence of carbon isotopes in the other constituent parts; quantifying each detected carbon isotope and calculating relative ratios of the detected carbon isotopes

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAccelerator mass spectrometry:

Data Source

PatentEP3397958B1Methods for identifying carbon derived from natural sources in chewing gum
Publication Date: 2023.06.07 WM WRIGLEY JR CO

AI summary

Methods for identifying carbon derived from natural sources in a confectionary product are presented. Methods include separating, extracting and carbon dating components of a confectionary product, e.g., chewing gum or chewing gum base.