Chip Antenna with Fish Bone Structure for NFC Bandwidth
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing chip antennas face challenges in achieving high bandwidth and efficiency due to power loss and size constraints, particularly in near field communication systems, where off-chip antennas are costly and bulky, and on-chip antennas suffer from reduced radiation efficiency and gain due to high dielectric constants and resistance.
Innovation Solution
A chip antenna design featuring a fish bone structured first antenna element and a dipole antenna element on a silicon substrate, with additional capacitance and inductance components, allowing for miniaturization and increased bandwidth by controlling the distance between metal wires and forming a low-velocity wave structure.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If an off-chip antenna is used, then radiation efficiency and gain are improved, but size and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the antenna structure directly with the chip substrate, integrating the radiating elements into the chip itself rather than using a separate off-chip antenna. This merging approach maintains radiation efficiency while reducing overall size by eliminating the need for a separate antenna component.
Solution Approach 2:
The chip substrate serves multiple functions: it acts as both the circuit board for electronic components and the radiating structure for the antenna. This multi-functionality allows the same structure to provide both computational/electronic functions and radiation functions, improving efficiency without increasing size.
2Volume of moving object
If an on-chip antenna is used, then size is reduced, but power loss increases due to high resistance and dielectric constant
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies different material properties and structural characteristics to different regions of the on-chip antenna. By optimizing the local geometry and material distribution, the design reduces power loss in specific high-resistance areas while maintaining the compact size advantage of on-chip integration.
Solution Approach 2:
The antenna structure utilizes composite construction with multiple metal layers and dielectric materials with different properties. This composite approach allows optimization of current distribution and reduces resistive losses by strategically placing conductive elements and selecting appropriate dielectric constants in different regions.
3Device complexity
If a general dipole antenna is used, then simplicity is maintained, but bandwidth is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The dipole antenna is segmented into multiple sections with different geometries and dimensions. This segmentation allows each section to contribute to different frequency ranges, collectively providing broader bandwidth while maintaining the basic dipole configuration and relative structural simplicity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extends the conventional two-dimensional dipole design by incorporating three-dimensional structural elements and multi-layer configurations. This dimensional enhancement provides additional degrees of freedom for impedance matching and resonance control, thereby increasing bandwidth without significantly complicating the overall structure.
Data Source
AI summary
Provided are chip antennas for near field communication and methods of manufacturing the chip antennas. A chip antenna for near field communication includes a substrate; a first antenna element on the substrate; and a second antenna element on the first antenna element. The substrate, the first antenna element, and the second antenna element are included in a single chip. The first and second antenna elements are formed outside the chip. The substrate is a lower layer including a plurality of devices. The first antenna element is a metal structure having a fish bone shape. The second antenna element is a dipole antenna.