Chitosan Fe2+ Complex Hemostatic Material for Coagulopathy
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current hemostatic materials face challenges in controlling hemorrhage, especially in patients with coagulation disorders, and existing products can cause adverse effects such as heat generation, tissue injury, or entry into the bloodstream, leading to thrombosis.
Innovation Solution
A composite material composed of chitosan, salicylaldehyde, 2-amino isonicotinic acid, ferrous sulfate, and disodium hydrogen phosphate is developed, which forms a chitosan-based Fe2+ complex that promotes erythrocyte aggregation and adhesion, providing rapid and stable blood clotting with high biological safety.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If traditional hemostatic materials (glutaraldehyde-crosslinked albumin, fibrin-based bandages) are used, then good hemostatic effects are achieved, but they cannot control hemorrhage in patients with coagulation diseases due to lack of coagulation factors or dysfunction
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the hemostatic material by incorporating iron-containing compounds (ferrous sulfate, ferric nitrate) and phosphates to create a composite material that can function independently of patient coagulation factors. The material's chemical composition is modified to enable direct blood clotting promotion without requiring normal coagulation cascade function.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite hemostatic material combining chitosan, iron-containing compounds (ferrous sulfate, ferric nitrate), and phosphates (disodium hydrogen phosphate, monosodium phosphate). This composite structure provides both the chitosan backbone for blood absorption and the iron-phosphate complex for direct clotting promotion, overcoming the limitation of traditional single-material hemostatics in coagulation disease patients.
2Speed
If QuikClot zeolite hemostatic powder is used for emergency treatment, then rapid blood clotting is achieved, but large amount of heat is released causing local high temperature and re-injury of wound tissue
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the thermal parameters of the hemostatic material by replacing zeolite with chitosan-based compounds that do not generate excessive heat during blood interaction. The iron-containing compounds and phosphates in the composite material facilitate clotting through chemical mechanisms that do not produce significant exothermic heat, thus avoiding tissue thermal injury while maintaining rapid clotting capability.
3Reliability
If powder hemostatic materials are used, then blood clotting is promoted, but they can remain in the lumen of vessels blocking peripheral artery flow and forming thrombi
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses chitosan, which forms a flexible gel-like structure when in contact with blood, creating a thin film that promotes clotting at the wound site without forming rigid powder clumps that could migrate to vessels. The chitosan-based composite material maintains a soft, conformable structure that adapts to the wound surface without risking vascular intrusion or thrombus formation.
4Object-affected harmful factors
If chitosan is used as the base material, then non-toxicity and biocompatibility are achieved, but the blood clotting effect is affected by multiple factors including structural unit, molecular mass, and degree of deacetylation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a composite material where chitosan serves as the biocompatible backbone but the blood clotting function is enhanced and standardized through the addition of iron-containing compounds (ferrous sulfate, ferric nitrate) and phosphates. This composite approach decouples the biocompatibility property (provided by chitosan) from the clotting efficacy (provided by iron-phosphate complexes), ensuring consistent and reliable blood clotting effect regardless of chitosan variations in molecular mass or degree of deacetylation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composite material effectively achieves rapid blood clotting independent of normal clotting mechanisms, is suitable for hemorrhage with coagulopathy, and has a low hemolysis rate, with a simple preparation method suitable for industrial production.
Implementation Method 1
forms a chitosan-based Fe2+ complex that promotes erythrocyte aggregation and adhesion
Implementation Method 2
The composite material effectively achieves rapid blood clotting independent of normal clotting mechanisms
Data Source
AI summary
A composite material for rapid blood clotting and its preparation method are provided. The composite material includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8˜20 parts of chitosan, 7˜14 parts of salicylaldehyde, 8˜16 parts of 2-aminoisonicotinic acid, 1.5˜3.5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3˜5 parts of dopa, and 10˜15 parts of disodium hydrogen phosphate. The composite material for rapid blood clotting has good stability, high biological safety, significant effects on blood clotting, simple process, and easy industrial production.