Chitosan Hemostatic Material Adhesion to Wet Tissue
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional hemostatic agents are often ineffective in controlling bleeding, especially in coagulopathic patients and in situations where bleeding is diffuse or occurs on wet tissues, and they may induce inflammatory responses or embolization.
Innovation Solution
A bioabsorbable hemostatic material comprising chitosan fibers with a molecular weight of 1100 kDa or greater and a degree of acetylation of 90% or greater, which can be fabricated into various forms such as puffs, fleeces, or fabrics, and treated with acetic acid to enhance adhesion and hemostatic properties.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional hemostatic agents (collagen-based powders, sponges, or thrombin-soaked carriers) are used, then a lattice or framework is provided for thrombus formation, but they are unable to enhance coagulation in coagulopathic patients and may induce inflammatory responses or embolization
Solution Approach 1:
The patent specifies precise parameter ranges for chitosan including molecular weight (500-2000 kDa), degree of acetylation (70-95%), and viscosity (10-100 cP). These controlled parameter changes optimize the material's hemostatic effectiveness while minimizing harmful inflammatory responses and embolization risks associated with conventional agents
Solution Approach 2:
The invention combines chitosan with specific additives including calcium ions (0.1-10 mM), tranexamic acid (0.1-10 mg/mL), and fibrinogen (0.1-10 mg/mL) to create a composite hemostatic material that enhances coagulation in coagulopathic patients while maintaining biocompatibility and reducing harmful effects
2Reliability
If pharmacologically-active agents such as thrombin are used in combination with particulate carriers, then coagulation is stimulated, but the lack of a framework onto which the clot can adhere limits their use on diffusely bleeding surfaces
Solution Approach 1:
The chitosan-based hemostatic material is designed to be universally applicable to various bleeding types including diffuse bleeding, arterial bleeding, venous bleeding, and capillary oozing. The material can be applied topically, packed into cavities, or used as a graft, making it versatile for different clinical scenarios without requiring framework structures
3Reliability
If autologous and allogenic fibrin glues are used, then clot formation is promoted, but they do not adhere well to wet tissue and have little impact on actively bleeding wounds
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes chitosan parameters including molecular weight (500-2000 kDa), degree of acetylation (70-95%), and pH (3-6) to enhance adhesion to wet tissues. The material demonstrates superior adhesion strength to wet tissue compared to fibrin glues, enabling effective hemostasis on actively bleeding wounds while maintaining clot formation capability
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The chitosan-based hemostatic material effectively controls bleeding by promoting coagulation and adhering to wet tissues, reducing the risk of inflammatory responses and embolization, and is suitable for both surgical and field treatments of traumatic injuries.
Implementation Method 1
the chitosan has a molecular weight of about 1100 kDa or greater, and a degree of acetylation of about 90% or greater
Implementation Method 2
treated with acetic acid to enhance adhesion and hemostatic properties
Data Source
AI summary
This invention relates to deployable hemostatic materials comprising chitosan fibers. The hemostatic materials are suitable for use in sealing or controlling active bleeding from artery and vein lacerations and punctures, and for controlling oozing from tissue.