Chloride Solid Electrolyte Composition for Humidity and Reduction Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing solid electrolytes, such as Li3YCl6, exhibit high ionic conductivity but lack stability, particularly in humid environments, and require improved resistance to reduction to enhance energy density in all-solid-state batteries.
Innovation Solution
A solid electrolyte composed of Li, Mα, Mβ, Mγ, Cl, and A, where Mα includes Zr and Hf, Mβ includes Ta and Nb, Mγ includes Gd, Yb, Dy, Er, or Sc, and A includes specific anions like SO42−, CO32−, PO43−, BO2−, BO33−, PO3−, NO3−, or TFSI−, with a specific molar ratio and valence relationship, is combined with a metallic salt of an anion to enhance stability and resistance to reduction.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If chloride electrolytes such as Li3YCl6 are used to achieve high ionic conductivity at ambient temperature, then ionic conductivity is improved, but stability against humidity deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs composite materials by combining multiple cations (Mα from Zr/Hf, Mβ from Ta/Nb, Mγ from rare earth elements) with chloride and additional anions (A) to create a multi-component solid electrolyte. This composite approach allows the material to achieve both high ionic conductivity through optimized crystal structure and enhanced stability through diversified chemical composition that resists humidity-induced decomposition.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent systematically varies compositional parameters including the types and ratios of cations (Mα, Mβ, Mγ), the chloride content, and the additional anion (A) to optimize both ionic conductivity and stability. By adjusting these parameters within specific ranges, the electrolyte achieves a balance between high Li-ion conductivity and improved resistance to humidity while maintaining structural integrity.
2Reliability
If solid electrolytes are optimized for high ionic conductivity, then energy density can be improved, but resistance to reduction deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses composite materials incorporating multiple metal cations with different electronic configurations and oxidation states (Zr/Hf in +4, Ta/Nb in +5, and rare earth elements in +3) along with chloride and additional anions. This multi-element composite structure provides both the crystal framework necessary for high ionic conductivity and chemical stability that prevents reduction decomposition, thereby improving resistance to reduction while maintaining energy density.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by assigning specific functional roles to different cation sites within the crystal structure. The Mα cations (Zr/Hf) provide structural framework, Mβ cations (Ta/Nb) enhance ionic conduction pathways, and Mγ cations (rare earth elements) contribute to chemical stability and resistance against reduction. This localized functional distribution allows simultaneous optimization of conductivity and reduction resistance.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The combined electrolyte achieves high ionic conductivity and stability, suppressing reduction decomposition, thereby improving the safety and energy density of all-solid-state batteries.
Implementation Method 1
Li3YCl6 exhibits high Li ionic conductivity at ambient temperature
Data Source
AI summary
A solid electrolyte contains Li, Mα, Mβ, Mγ, Cl, and A. Mα is at least one element selected from a group consisting of Zr and Hf. Mβ is at least one element selected from a group consisting of Ta and Nb. Mγ is at least one element selected from a group consisting of Gd, Yb, Dy, Er, Ho, Eu, and Sc. A is at least one type selected from a group consisting of OH−, AlO2−, SO3−, SO42−, SiO32−, SiO44−, Si2O76−, CO32−, PO43−, P2O74−, BO2−, BO33−, PO3−, NO3−, BF4−, PF6−, ClO4−, B(C2O4)2−, CH3COO−, TFSI−, and FSI−.