Modified Chlorin e6 Photosensitizers for Plant Pathogen Penetration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing photodynamic inhibition techniques face challenges in penetrating the impermeable outer cell membranes of microbial pathogens in plants, such as Gram-negative bacteria and certain fungi, and in enhancing plant resistance to abiotic stress.
Innovation Solution
Development of modified Chlorin e6 (Ce6) photosensitizer compounds that can penetrate and generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) to inhibit microbial pathogens and increase plant resistance to abiotic stress, also serving as insecticides.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If existing photodynamic inhibition techniques are used, then microbial pathogens can be inhibited, but the impermeable outer cell membranes of Gram-negative bacteria and certain fungi prevent effective penetration of photosensitizers
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical structure of Chlorin e6 by changing parameters such as adding hydrophilic groups (carboxylic acid, hydroxyl, ether groups) and adjusting the macrocyclic ring structure to improve penetration capability through impermeable cell membranes while maintaining photodynamic activity for pathogen inhibition
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates composite photosensitizer structures by combining Chlorin e6 with various substituents including polyethylene glycol chains, sugar moieties, and amino acid derivatives to achieve both membrane penetration and effective ROS generation against pathogens
2Reliability
If modified Chlorin e6 compounds are used to penetrate cell membranes and generate ROS, then pathogen inhibition and plant resistance enhancement are achieved, but the complexity of compound synthesis increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the synthesis process into modular steps: first forming the Chlorin e6 core structure, then sequentially adding functional groups (hydroxyl, carboxylic acid, ether groups) and substituents (polyethylene glycol, sugars, amino acids) to achieve the desired penetration and protective properties through systematic structural modification
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The modified Chlorin e6 compounds effectively inhibit microbial pathogens and enhance plant resistance to abiotic stress, providing a dual protective mechanism against pathogens and environmental damage.
Implementation Method 1
Photodynamic inhibition of microbial pathogens involves exposing a photosensitive agent to light in order to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as singlet oxygen
Data Source
AI summary
Provided herein are compounds of general Formula I:or agriculturally acceptable salts thereof. The compounds of Formula I can be used to improve the health of plants. For example, the compounds of Formula I can be used to inhibit a microbial pathogen of a plant, or to increase resistance of a plant to one or more abiotic stress. Methods of manufacturing the compounds of general Formula I, as well as synthetic intermediates are also provided.