Substituted Chroman-6-Ol Antioxidants for Fish Meal Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current antioxidants like ethoxyquin and BHT used to stabilize fish meal for marine transport face safety concerns and efficacy issues, necessitating a replacement to prevent spontaneous combustion during transport and storage.
Innovation Solution
Compounds of formula (I), specifically designed antioxidants with certain substituents, are used to stabilize fish meal and feed ingredients, offering effective antioxidant properties in proteins and unsaturated fatty acids, even in combination with other antioxidants like alpha-tocopherol and BHA.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If ethoxyquin is used as antioxidant to stabilize fish meal, then oxidation prevention is effective, but safety concerns arise
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical structure parameters of tocopherol by modifying the alkyl side chain length (C12-C21) and hydroxyl group positions to create new antioxidant compounds that maintain efficacy while improving safety profile
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the established but problematic ethoxyquin with a new class of tocopherol derivatives that can serve as effective antioxidants without the safety issues, essentially substituting one antioxidant system with another that achieves the same function more safely
2Reliability
If BHT is used as antioxidant to stabilize fish meal, then oxidation prevention is achieved, but higher quantities are required and re-registration is pending
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the tocopherol molecular structure by varying the alkyl chain length and hydroxyl group positions to enhance antioxidant activity, allowing for more effective protection at potentially lower concentrations compared to BHT
3Object-affected harmful factors
If fish meal is transported without antioxidants, then no safety issues arise, but spontaneous combustion occurs due to oxidation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies antioxidant compounds to fish meal before transport and storage to prevent oxidation and spontaneous combustion, taking preventive action in advance to eliminate safety hazards during maritime transport
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
These compounds provide superior antioxidant efficacy, comparable to or exceeding BHT, in stabilizing fish meal, poultry meal, and pet food, reducing oxidation and extending shelf life effectively.
Implementation Method 1
The compounds of the present invention are efficient as antioxidants... to prevent spontaneous combustion during overseas transport and storage... oxidation of the polyunsaturated fatty acids
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention is directed towards the use of substituted chroman-6-ols with extended lipophilic side chains of formula (I) wherein one of the two substituents R1 and R2 is C12-21-alkyl and the other of the two substituents R1 and R2 is either hydrogen or C1-5-alkyl or (CH2)n—OH with n being an integer from 1 to 5, and wherein A is CH(R3), and wherein R3, R4 and R6 are independently from each other H or C1-4-alkyl, and wherein R5 is H or OH or C1-4-alkyl or C1-4-alkoxy; with the proviso that at least two of R4, R5 and R6 are not methyl, when R3 is H and one of the substituents R1 and R2 is methyl and the other of the two substituents R1 and R2 is C12-21-alkyl, as antioxidants, especially in feed such as pet food and feed ingredients such as fish meal, insect meal and poultry meal, as well as PUFA-containing oil such as marine oil, microbial oil, fungal oil, algal oil and PUFA-containing plant oil. The present invention is further directed towards feed ingredients and feed for insects, aquatic and terrestrial animals comprising such substituted chroman-6-ols with extended lipophilic side chains of formula (I).