Cigarette Filter Salt Layer Sorption
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current filter devices for cigarettes and pipes are inadequate in effectively removing harmful substances such as lead, strontium, and vanadium from cigarette smoke, as they lack sufficient sorption capacity and filter efficiency.
Innovation Solution
The filter device employs multiple filter layers coated with a salt layer, preferably made from sodium salts like table salt, and incorporates a brine capsule that can be squeezed to release an aqueous salt solution, enhancing the filter's sorption capacity and efficiency by moistening the salt layers.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional filter devices are used, then the basic filtration function is provided, but the sorption capacity for harmful substances like lead, strontium, and vanadium is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The filter material undergoes parameter change by coating with salt solution and drying to form a crystalline salt layer. This transformation from liquid coating to solid crystalline structure enhances the sorption capacity for heavy metals while maintaining the filter's physical integrity and filtration function.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates a composite filter structure combining the carrier material (textile or non-woven fabric) with a salt layer coating. This composite material integrates the mechanical strength of the carrier with the heavy metal sorption capability of the salt crystals, achieving both structural stability and enhanced filtration efficiency.
2Productivity
If the filter layers are made thinner to reduce resistance, then the airflow resistance decreases, but the sorption capacity may be reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The salt layer thickness is optimized within the range of 0.5-10 μm to achieve the right balance. This parameter optimization ensures sufficient sorption capacity while maintaining acceptable airflow resistance, resolving the contradiction between filtration efficiency and breathability.
3Reliability
If multiple filter layers are added to increase sorption capacity, then the filtration efficiency improves, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The filter device is segmented into multiple filter layers (at least two), each coated with salt. This segmentation allows each layer to contribute to sorption capacity while distributing the functional load, achieving enhanced filtration without requiring a single overly complex layer.
Solution Approach 2:
Multiple filter layers are combined in series within the filter device, creating a multi-stage filtration system. The layers work together synergistically, with each layer contributing to the overall sorption capacity, while the combining approach maintains a relatively simple overall structure.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The improved filter device demonstrates increased sorption capacity for harmful elements like lead, strontium, and vanadium, providing enhanced filtration efficiency and improved protection against smoking-related health risks.
Implementation Method 1
X-ray fluorescence analysis demonstrated an increased sorption capacity of the filter device for the elements lead, strontium, calcium, and vanadium
Implementation Method 2
the at least one brine capsule is arranged on the at least one filter layer... the at least one brine capsule contains an aqueous salt solution which is surrounded by a capsule shell
Data Source
Figure 1~4
AI summary
Filter device (10) for a cigarette and/or pipe for filtering harmful substances during smoking, wherein the filter device (10) comprises at least one filter layer (100) with a carrier medium (110), wherein the at least one filter layer (100) has a salt layer which is arranged on the carrier medium (110), wherein the salt layer is formed from at least one inorganic salt.