Circuit for producing electrical energy
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for converting thermal energy into electrical energy are inefficient and lack a convenient, direct approach for generating power in various applications.
Innovation Solution
The Carver Voltaic Effect (CVE) is utilized by generating high dV/dt transients through a circuit comprising a square wave generator, coupled inductor, and negative resistance device, combined with a thermal exchanger to convert thermal energy into electrical energy, employing an etalon with materials of varying permittivity and permeability to enhance energy conversion.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If conventional thermal energy conversion methods are used, then the conversion process is established, but the conversion efficiency is low and the method is not direct
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and utilizes the Carver Voltaic Effect, a specific physical phenomenon, to directly convert thermal energy to electrical energy. By focusing on this particular effect rather than conventional multi-step conversion processes, the invention achieves more efficient and direct energy conversion while simplifying the overall system architecture
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the operating parameters by utilizing high dV/dt transients (rapid voltage changes) to activate the Carver Voltaic Effect. This parameter change enables direct thermal-to-electrical energy conversion, improving efficiency and eliminating the need for intermediate mechanical conversion steps
2Power
If high dV/dt transients are generated through the circuit, then electrical energy output is enhanced, but the circuit complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple circuit components (square wave generator, coupled inductor, negative resistance device, and etalon) into an integrated system that works synergistically. The square wave generator and coupled inductor work together to produce high dV/dt transients, while the etalon enhances the effect, achieving high power output through component integration rather than separate systems
Solution Approach 2:
The circuit components serve multiple functions: the coupled inductor both generates voltage transients and couples energy between stages; the etalon both amplifies the Carver Voltaic Effect and provides resonance enhancement; the negative resistance device both shapes the voltage waveform and limits current. This multi-functionality reduces the need for additional specialized components
3Loss of energy
If an etalon with materials of varying permittivity and permeability is employed, then energy conversion is enhanced, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The etalon incorporates materials with spatially varying permittivity and permeability properties at specific locations within the structure. This local variation in material properties is designed to optimize the enhancement of the Carver Voltaic Effect at critical points in the energy conversion process, achieving high conversion efficiency without requiring complex uniform structures
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses composite material structures within the etalon, combining materials with different electromagnetic properties (varying permittivity and permeability). These composite structures enhance the energy conversion efficiency by creating favorable electromagnetic field distributions while maintaining manufacturability through the use of standard composite material fabrication techniques
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method effectively converts thermal energy into electrical energy with increased power output, suitable for diverse applications, including portable tools and medical devices, by leveraging high dV/dt transients and thermal conduction paths.
Implementation Method 1
The Carver Voltaic Effect (CVE) is utilized by generating high dV/dt transients through a circuit comprising a square wave generator, coupled inductor, and negative resistance device
Implementation Method 2
combined with a thermal exchanger to convert thermal energy into electrical energy
Data Source
AI summary
A circuit for generating electrical energy is disclosed. The circuit uses a pulse generator in combination with a tube having a cavity therein. The tube can have material therein, such as solid material or fluid passing therethrough. A thyristor or other negative resistance is in series with the tube to increase a change of voltage with respect to time. A resultant energy applied to a load is larger than the energy supplied by the pulse generator due to the absorption of external energy by the tube.