Circular Polarization via Hybrid Coupler and Perpendicular Antennas
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing communication systems in directional point-to-point networks, such as those involving non-geostationary satellite orbit (NGSO) satellites or high-altitude platforms, face challenges in maintaining reliable connections due to interference and polarization issues, particularly in transmitting and receiving signals with different polarization directions.
Innovation Solution
A communication device system that includes transmitters for different communication bands, a hybrid coupler to split and phase-shift signals, and antennas oriented perpendicularly to transmit circularly polarized signals, enhancing signal reliability and connection maintenance by leveraging polarization diversity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If linearly polarized signals are transmitted using conventional antennas, then the system structure is simple, but signal reliability deteriorates due to interference and polarization mismatch
Solution Approach 1:
The signal is segmented into two orthogonal components that are transmitted through perpendicular antennas. The hybrid coupler divides the input signal into two parts with 90-degree phase difference, which are then transmitted by first and second antennas oriented perpendicularly to each other, creating circular polarization that improves signal reliability
Solution Approach 2:
A hybrid coupler is introduced as an intermediary device to transform linearly polarized signals into circularly polarized signals. The hybrid coupler performs signal splitting and phase shifting functions, enabling the transition from simple linear polarization to more robust circular polarization without requiring complete system redesign
2Object-affected harmful factors
If circularly polarized signals are transmitted using perpendicular antennas with phase shifting, then interference is reduced, but device complexity increases due to hybrid coupler and phase shifting requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The hybrid coupler serves multiple functions simultaneously: it acts as a signal splitter, phase shifter, and polarization transformer. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate components and makes the system adaptable to different signal types and polarization requirements
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the polarization parameter of the transmitted signal from linear to circular by introducing a 90-degree phase difference between orthogonal components. This parameter change transforms the signal characteristics to be more resistant to interference and polarization mismatch
3Stability of the object's composition
If perpendicular antennas are used to transmit circularly polarized signals, then connection stability is improved, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna system is segmented into two separate perpendicular antennas rather than one complex omnidirectional antenna. This segmentation allows each antenna to be simpler in design while the combined system achieves circular polarization and improved connection stability
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses asymmetric positioning of two antennas at right angles to each other, creating a configuration that generates circular polarization. This asymmetric arrangement is simpler to manufacture than attempting to build a single omnidirectional antenna with equivalent performance
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system improves signal reliability and connection stability by effectively transmitting and receiving circularly polarized signals, reducing interference and maintaining better connections with client devices through polarization diversity.
Implementation Method 1
a hybrid coupler configured to split the first signal or the second signal to a first part and a second part
Implementation Method 2
a first antenna configured to transmit the first part; and a second antenna configured to transmit the second part, the second antenna being oriented perpendicularly relative to an orientation of the first antenna
Data Source
AI summary
The disclosure provides for a system for communication with a client device. The system includes a first transmitter configured to transmit a first signal and a second transmitter configured to transmit a second signal. The first signal is configured for a first communication band, and the second signal is configured for a second communication band different from the first communication band. The system also includes a hybrid coupler configured to split the first or second signal to a first part and a second part. In addition, the system also includes a first antenna configured to transmit the first part, and a second antenna configured to transmit the second part. The second antenna is oriented perpendicularly relative to an orientation of the first antenna.