Clamping Device Damping Cavity Segmentation for Splinter Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Clamping devices for tools in machine tools face issues with imbalances due to splinter accumulation in damping cavities, leading to reduced performance at high rotation speeds, and existing solutions compromise static rigidity and damping properties.
Innovation Solution
The damping cavities are partially closed using covers that are anchored within, with optional connection bars and segmentation to maintain static rigidity, and damping elements like O-rings or freely oscillating covers are used to enhance damping properties and adjust eigenfrequency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If damping cavities are left open to improve damping properties, then damping effectiveness is improved, but splinter accumulation occurs leading to imbalance at high rotation speeds
Solution Approach 1:
The damping cavity is segmented into an inner region and an outer region by a partition wall. The inner region remains open to maintain damping effectiveness, while the outer region is equipped with a cover to prevent splinter accumulation. This segmentation allows each region to fulfill its specific function without compromising the other.
Solution Approach 2:
A partition wall acts as an intermediary structure that separates the damping cavity into functional zones. It allows vibration energy to be absorbed in the inner region while preventing harmful splinters from entering the outer region, thus mediating between the conflicting requirements of damping effectiveness and contamination prevention.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If damping cavities are closed to prevent splinter accumulation, then imbalance is reduced, but damping properties deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The damping cavity is divided into an inner region for damping and an outer region for contamination prevention. This segmentation allows the system to simultaneously achieve both goals: the inner region maintains open access for effective damping, while the outer region prevents splinter accumulation.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If covers are added to damping cavities to prevent splinter accumulation, then contamination is reduced, but static rigidity may be affected
Solution Approach 1:
The cover is designed with localized engagement features (protrusions fitting into recesses) that provide precise positioning and secure attachment. This localized quality ensures the cover remains firmly in place to prevent contamination while minimizing interference with the overall static rigidity of the base body.
Solution Approach 2:
The cover is designed as a thin-walled structure that provides contamination protection while having minimal mass and stiffness contribution. This allows the cover to fulfill its protective function without significantly affecting the static rigidity characteristics of the base body.
4Strength
If hard clamping is used to maintain static rigidity, then clamping strength is improved, but flexing effects occur leading to tool shank breakage
Solution Approach 1:
The base body is designed with spatially varying material properties or structural characteristics: regions near the damping cavities have enhanced damping capacity to reduce flexing effects and protect the tool shank, while other regions maintain high static rigidity for strong clamping. This local quality differentiation resolves the contradiction between clamping strength and tool protection.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design effectively prevents splinter accumulation, maintains static rigidity, and improves damping properties, allowing for adjustable frequency damping to manage inert forces during tool operation.
Implementation Method 1
an annular damping cavity around the holding fixture or alternatively a plurality of damping cavities arranged around the holding fixture and set off from each other... the clamping of the shank of the tool is 'softer' with the result that 'cardan effects' occurring as a result of hard clamping
Implementation Method 2
the base body is heated up at least in the region of the holding fixture until the latter has expanded thermally to such an extent that the shank of the tool can be inserted into it
Implementation Method 3
When subsequently cooled down, the holding fixture shrinks again so that the shank of the tool is fixed in the holding fixture by press or shrink fit
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a clamping device for clamping workpiece, which comprises a base in which a center holding fixture for the shank of a tool to be clamped and an annular damping cavity surrounding the fixture or a plurality of damping cavities arranged around the fixture and set off from each other are configured. Every damping cavity is open towards the front face of the chuck base facing the workpiece. The clamping device is characterized in that the open end of every damping cavity is at least partially closed by respective covers which are inserted into the respective damping cavity from the open front face and are fixed inside the damping cavity.