Temperature-Responsive Claw Pin for Stable High-Current Contact Force

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing high-current contact solutions face challenges with temperature-induced loss of contact normal force, requiring high assembly forces and being prone to assembly errors, while incorporating complex and costly components that are difficult to assemble.

Innovation Solution

A contact plug design featuring claw-like elements made of multilayer metal or shape-memory alloy, with varying widths and radii, that deform geometrically in response to temperature changes to maintain or increase contact normal force, reducing assembly forces and enhancing stability.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If spring steel materials are used to generate high normal contact forces, then contact reliability is improved, but assembly forces become excessively high making assembly difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontact reliabilityVSAvoidassembly force
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSForce

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses temperature-dependent parameter changes in the contact socket material (thermal expansion coefficient differences) to automatically adjust the contact normal force. At operating temperature, the material expands to increase contact force, while at assembly temperature, the contact force remains low, eliminating the need for high assembly forces while maintaining reliable contact under load.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The contact socket is designed to self-adjust its contact normal force based on temperature changes during operation. The material properties cause automatic expansion and contraction that increases contact force when heated by current flow, maintaining reliable electrical contact without requiring external adjustment mechanisms or high assembly forces.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Reliability

If complex components with temperature-dependent deformation are incorporated, then contact normal force stability is improved, but device complexity and assembly difficulty increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontact normal force stabilityVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the temperature-dependent deformation function directly into the contact socket structure itself, eliminating the need for separate bimetallic strips or additional deformation components. The contact socket material is designed with specific thermal expansion properties that cause it to deform and increase contact force automatically, simplifying the overall device while maintaining stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The contact socket utilizes inherent material parameter changes (thermal expansion coefficient) to achieve temperature-dependent deformation. This eliminates complex mechanical deformation mechanisms while maintaining contact normal force stability, as the material naturally expands when heated by electrical current, increasing contact pressure automatically.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If copper materials are used for contact elements, then electrical conductivity is improved, but spring force is lost at elevated temperatures

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical conductivityVSAvoidspring force
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSForce

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs composite material structures where copper contact elements are combined with materials exhibiting positive thermal expansion properties. The copper provides excellent electrical conductivity, while the composite structure or accompanying materials expand when heated, compensating for copper's loss of spring force at elevated temperatures and maintaining reliable contact pressure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent compensates for copper's temperature-dependent spring force loss by utilizing parameter changes in the contact socket material or surrounding structure. As temperature increases, the socket material expands or deforms to increase contact normal force, offsetting the softening of copper and maintaining both electrical conductivity and mechanical contact force.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The design ensures low assembly forces at room temperature and increased contact normal force at elevated temperatures, improving connector reliability and ease of assembly, while maintaining high pull-out forces and reducing electrical resistance.

Implementation Method 1

claw-like elements made of multilayer metal or shape-memory alloy, with varying widths and radii, that deform geometrically in response to temperature changes

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal expansion: Thermal Expansion

Implementation Method 2

claw-like elements made of multilayer metal or shape-memory alloy

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectShape memory alloy effect: Shape Memory Alloy

Implementation Method 3

reliable electrical contact between the connectors is crucial... contact force – more precisely, the normal contact force – is as high as possible and remains constant to press the contact partners firmly together

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFriction: Friction

Data Source

PatentEP4239803B1Claws pin
Publication Date: 2026.02.18 AMPHENOL TUCHEL ELECTRONICS
  • EP4239803B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4239803B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4239803B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The invention relates to a contact plug for transmitting electrical energy by means of detachable contact with a contact socket, wherein the contact plug is designed as a claw pin, in that it has at least one claw-shaped element which deforms through temperature changes and realizes a change in the contact normal force between the claw pin and the contact socket.