Cloaked Asymmetric Dipole Radiators for Compact Multiband Base Stations
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing base station antennas face challenges in achieving a commercially acceptable width and length due to the integration of low-band and massive MIMO high-band radiating elements, which require wide spacing or increased length and cost when positioned differently, limiting the number of deployable antennas.
Innovation Solution
Dual-polarized radiating elements with asymmetrical dipole radiators, such as cloaked tri-pol elements, are designed to suppress higher frequency currents, allowing compact integration of low-band and high-band arrays without significant width or length expansion.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If low-band and massive MIMO high-band radiating elements are integrated in existing base station antennas, then multi-band service capability is improved, but antenna width and length increase beyond commercially acceptable limits
Solution Approach 1:
The patent positions high-band radiating elements in the vertical dimension above low-band elements, rather than placing them side-by-side in the horizontal plane. This vertical stacking approach allows multi-band capability while maintaining a compact horizontal footprint that meets commercial deployment requirements.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent integrates high-band radiating elements within the vertical space occupied by or adjacent to low-band elements, effectively nesting multiple frequency band capabilities within a single antenna structure. This nesting approach enables multi-band operation without proportionally increasing overall antenna dimensions.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If low-band and high-band radiating elements are positioned with wide spacing, then interaction between frequency bands is reduced, but antenna length and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces deflector elements positioned between low-band and high-band radiating elements that act as intermediaries to manage electromagnetic interactions. These deflectors redirect high-band energy away from low-band elements, reducing unwanted coupling while allowing compact vertical integration without requiring excessive spacing.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies frequency-selective properties locally at specific positions between frequency bands using deflector elements. Rather than requiring uniform wide spacing throughout the antenna structure, the deflectors provide localized interaction management precisely where low-band and high-band elements are in proximity, enabling compact overall design.
3Adaptability or versatility
If additional linear arrays are deployed to support new frequency bands, then service capability is improved, but the number of antennas exceeds deployment limits due to zoning ordinances and weight constraints
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs a single base station antenna structure that simultaneously supports multiple frequency bands (low-band and high-band massive MIMO services) through integrated radiating elements. This multi-functional antenna replaces what would otherwise require multiple separate antennas, enabling deployment within zoning and weight constraints while maintaining service capability across new and legacy bands.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables compact base station antennas with reduced width and cost, minimizing undesired interactions between frequency bands and maintaining optimal beam characteristics.
Implementation Method 1
At least one of the first through fourth dipole arms may comprise a cloaked dipole arm that include inductive elements that are configured to suppress currents in a higher frequency band
Data Source
AI summary
A dual-polarized radiating element includes a first dipole radiator that has a first dipole arm that generally extends along a first axis and a second dipole arm that generally extends along a second axis that is different from the first axis, and a second dipole radiator that has a third dipole arm that generally extends along the first axis and a fourth dipole arm that generally extends along a third axis that is different from the first axis. At least one of the first through fourth dipole arms may be a cloaked dipole arm that include inductive elements that are configured to suppress currents in a higher frequency band.