Clock Domain Bridge Logic for Asynchronous Frequency Synchronization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Circuitry operating at different clock frequencies often experience timing issues when integrated into a pipeline, particularly when the frequencies are asynchronous, leading to synchronization challenges.
Innovation Solution
An apparatus that includes logic and buffer circuits to synchronize data between clock domains by converting signals from one frequency to another, allowing the second circuitry to appear to run an integer number of cycles of the first frequency, using a counter and pulse generator to trigger operations and a buffer circuit to output data synchronously with the first frequency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If circuitry operating at different clock frequencies are integrated into a pipeline, then system functionality is improved, but timing issues and synchronization problems occur
Solution Approach 1:
A buffer circuit is introduced as an intermediary component between circuitry operating at different clock frequencies. The buffer circuit receives signals from the first clock domain and outputs them synchronized to the second clock domain, acting as a mediator that enables interaction between asynchronous domains without direct timing conflicts.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the timing parameter of signals by converting them from one clock frequency to another. The buffer circuit transforms signals so that they appear to run at an integer number of cycles of the first frequency when viewed from the second clock domain, resolving timing issues through parameter transformation.
2Adaptability or versatility
If asynchronous clock domains are used, then design flexibility is improved, but pipeline integrity is compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The buffer circuit serves as a mediator that maintains pipeline integrity between asynchronous domains. It ensures that data and control signals are properly synchronized when crossing clock domain boundaries, preserving the integrity of the pipeline while allowing design flexibility in clock domain selection.
Solution Approach 2:
The buffer circuit performs preliminary synchronization actions before signals enter the second clock domain. By preparing and aligning signals in advance, the system maintains pipeline integrity without requiring all components to operate at the same frequency.
3Reliability
If clock frequency conversion is implemented, then synchronization is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The buffer circuit is a relatively simple intermediary component that handles clock frequency conversion and synchronization. By using a dedicated buffer circuit rather than complex synchronization mechanisms throughout the entire system, the patent achieves reliable synchronization while minimizing the increase in device complexity.
Data Source
AI summary
An apparatus may include: first circuitry configured to operate at a first frequency; second circuitry configured to operate at a second frequency that is different from the first frequency, where the second circuitry is for receiving input from, and for providing output to, the first circuitry; and logic that bridges the first circuitry and the second circuitry. The logic to enables the second circuitry to appear to run an integer number of cycles of the first frequency, and operates by receiving first signals at the first frequency and generating second signals at the second frequency, where the second signals are for triggering operations performed by the second circuitry. The apparatus may also include an output buffer circuit bridging the first circuitry and the second circuitry.