Closed-Loop DBS System for Hyperkinetic State Detection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current treatments for neurological movement disorders, such as Parkinson's disease and dystonia, often induce hyperkinetic states like dyskinesia, which are uncomfortable, stigmatizing, and can be dangerous, and there is a lack of effective methods to detect and manage these states in real-time.

Innovation Solution

A method involving the measurement of oscillatory brain activity in the range of 60 Hz-90 Hz using techniques like electrocorticography (ECoG) to detect hyperkinetic states, allowing for the adjustment of deep brain stimulation (DBS) parameters or medication regimens to mitigate these states.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If deep brain stimulation (DBS) or medication is administered to treat neurological movement disorders, then motor control is improved, but hyperkinetic states like dyskinesia are induced

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvemotor controlVSAvoidhyperkinetic state

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a closed-loop system that continuously monitors gamma oscillatory activity (60-90 Hz) in the brain and automatically adjusts DBS parameters or medication dosage in real-time. When hyperkinetic states are detected through elevated gamma power, the system reduces stimulation intensity or medication dose to mitigate dyskinesia while maintaining therapeutic effects on motor control.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The treatment parameters (DBS stimulation intensity, frequency, or medication dosage) are made dynamically adjustable based on real-time brain activity monitoring. The system transitions from static, fixed-dose therapy to dynamic, adaptive therapy that responds to changing physiological states, allowing optimization of motor control while minimizing hyperkinetic side effects.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #15Dynamics

2Object-generated harmful factors

If treatment parameters are adjusted to reduce hyperkinetic states, then dyskinesia is mitigated, but motor control improvement may be compromised

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvehyperkinetic stateVSAvoidmotor control

Core Design Contradiction:

Object-generated harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The closed-loop system simultaneously monitors both gamma oscillatory activity (indicative of hyperkinesia) and beta oscillatory activity (related to motor control). By using dual-frequency feedback, the system can independently adjust treatment parameters to suppress hyperkinetic states while preserving or maintaining motor control benefits, resolving the trade-off between reducing side effects and maintaining therapeutic efficacy.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #23Feedback

3Adaptability or versatility

If real-time monitoring of brain activity is implemented to detect hyperkinetic states, then treatment can be dynamically adjusted, but system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvetreatment adjustmentVSAvoidsystem complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces complex mechanical adjustment procedures with automated electronic monitoring and control systems. By using non-invasive or minimally invasive electrocorticography (ECoG) to monitor brain oscillations and automated algorithms to interpret gamma power changes, the system achieves real-time adaptive treatment without requiring complex manual intervention or multiple separate devices.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

4Difficulty of detecting and measuring

If current treatment methods are used without real-time monitoring, then treatment simplicity is maintained, but ability to detect and manage hyperkinetic states is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvehyperkinetic state detectionVSAvoidmonitoring system

Core Design Contradiction:

Difficulty of detecting and measuringVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses spectral analysis of brain oscillations, where different frequency bands (gamma: 60-90 Hz, beta: 13-30 Hz) serve as distinct markers or 'colors' indicating different physiological states. Elevated gamma power specifically marks hyperkinetic states, allowing clear detection and differentiation from normal brain activity or other pathological states through frequency-domain analysis.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #32Color changes

Data Source

PatentUS20180353759A1Methods and Systems for Treating Neurological Movement Disorders

Publication Date: 2018.12.13 RGT UNIV OF CALIFORNIA

AI summary

The present disclosure provides methods for detecting hyperkinetic state by measuring brain activity of a patient suffering from a movement disorder. Also provided are methods for modulating therapy in patients suffering from a movement disorder. Aspects of the methods include measuring activity in brain of the patient and changing a treatment regimen if hyperkinetic state is detected. Also provided are devices, systems, and kits that may be used in practicing the subject methods.