Closed-Loop Ion Mobility Conduit for Enhanced Resolution
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Solution Overview
Problem
Ion mobility spectrometry faces limitations in effectively separating and identifying ions based on their mobility due to the linear nature of existing drift tubes, which restricts resolution and sensitivity, especially for low concentrations of chemicals.
Innovation Solution
The apparatus employs a conduit with a closed path and a uniform electric field, utilizing ion funnels and drift tubes with alternating conductive and insulative rings to separate ions based on their mobility, allowing for multiple cycles and enhanced resolution through controlled voltage waveforms and gate electrodes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If linear drift tubes are used for ion mobility spectrometry, then the apparatus structure is simple, but the resolution and sensitivity for separating ions are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms the traditional linear drift tube into a closed-loop configuration, adding spatial dimensionality to the ion mobility separation path. This closed-loop structure allows ions to undergo multiple passes through the separation field, effectively increasing the path length and separation resolution without proportionally increasing the physical apparatus size.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs periodic voltage waveforms applied to the segmented electrodes in the closed-loop drift tube. This periodic electric field configuration enables continuous ion injection and separation cycles, allowing multiple ions to be analyzed sequentially through repeated passes around the loop, thereby enhancing both resolution and throughput.
2Measurement precision
If linear drift tubes are used for ion mobility spectrometry, then the apparatus is easy to operate, but the sensitivity for detecting low concentrations is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
By configuring the drift tube as a closed loop rather than a linear path, the patent enables ions to complete multiple circulation passes through the separation region. This multi-pass approach increases the effective separation distance and interaction time with the electric field, thereby enhancing detection sensitivity for low-concentration ions without significantly complicating the operational procedure.
Solution Approach 2:
The closed-loop configuration allows for continuous ion circulation and repeated separation events, maintaining continuous useful action throughout the analysis process. Ions that do not separate in one pass continue to circulate and undergo additional separation opportunities, improving the detection of low-concentration species while preserving ease of operation through automated continuous analysis.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enables improved ion separation and resolution, allowing for the grouping of ions by mobility and increased sensitivity in detecting low concentrations, surpassing the limitations of linear ion mobility apparatuses.
Implementation Method 1
Ion mobility spectrometry allows detection and identification of very low concentrations of chemicals based upon the differential migration of gas phase ions through a homogeneous electric field
Data Source
AI summary
An apparatus (10) for separating Ions based on ion mobility includes a conduit (12) defining a closed path. The conduit is configured such that a uniform electric field is produced about the closed path upon application of a voltage causing ions within the conduit (12) to move about the closed path and to separate the ions based upon ion mobility. A method of separating a plurality of ions is also disclosed.