Closed-Loop Powder Handling for Stable 3D Printing Feedstock

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing three-dimensional printing techniques using powdered build materials face challenges in efficiently handling and recycling powders, particularly in maintaining material properties and preventing loss during the printing process.

Innovation Solution

A powder build material handling system that utilizes a delivery system with a filter and pump to transport and deposit powders in a closed loop, maintaining material properties and reducing waste, while also incorporating a heater to optimize temperature and a sampler to ensure consistent composition.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If powder build material is transported and handled during 3D printing, then the printing process can proceed, but material properties may deteriorate and environmental loss occurs

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprinting process efficiencyVSAvoidpowder material loss
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a closed-loop system that maintains an inert atmosphere throughout the powder handling process, from storage through deposition. This prevents material contamination and degradation while enabling continuous printing operations, thus resolving the contradiction between productivity and material loss.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #39Inert atmosphere (Inert environment)

Solution Approach 2:

The system employs continuous powder flow monitoring and replenishment mechanisms that maintain uninterrupted material supply to the build area. This continuous action prevents material degradation from idle handling while ensuring printing productivity, addressing the contradiction between operational efficiency and material preservation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

2Ease of operation

If powder build material is transported over distance, then supply to build area is enabled, but material properties deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvematerial delivery capabilityVSAvoidpowder material composition stability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extends the inert atmosphere protection throughout the entire transport pathway from storage to build area. This continuous protective environment prevents compositional changes during transit, enabling material delivery without compromising stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #39Inert atmosphere (Inert environment)

Solution Approach 2:

The system introduces controlled atmosphere as an intermediary medium that protects powder material during transport. This mediator prevents direct interaction between powder and degrading environmental factors, maintaining composition stability while enabling delivery.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Device complexity

If powder build material is exposed to environment, then handling is simplified, but material properties are compromised

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvehandling system simplicityVSAvoidmaterial property consistency
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a comprehensive inert atmosphere system that envelops all powder handling operations. While this adds some system complexity, it ensures material property consistency by preventing environmental degradation, thus resolving the contradiction between simplicity and reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #39Inert atmosphere (Inert environment)

Solution Approach 2:

The system maintains continuous protection and monitoring of powder material throughout handling operations. This continuous action ensures material reliability without requiring complex intermittent interventions, balancing simplicity and consistency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

4Manufacturing precision

If powder build material is heated during handling, then deposition quality improves, but energy consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedeposition qualityVSAvoidheating energy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements preliminary heating of powder material before deposition. This pre-heating prepares the material for optimal deposition quality while minimizing energy consumption during the actual printing process, resolving the contradiction between precision and energy use.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically adjusts heating parameters based on material type and deposition requirements. This optimized parameter control achieves necessary deposition quality while minimizing energy consumption, addressing the contradiction between manufacturing precision and energy efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system effectively handles various types of powders, maintains their properties, reduces environmental loss, and optimizes energy use by pre-heating the powders before deposition, enhancing the efficiency and consistency of the 3D printing process.

Implementation Method 1

A pump generates a flow of gas

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGas flow transport: Advection

Implementation Method 2

A heater heats the flow of gas

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeating: Heating

Implementation Method 3

a filter in use is to filter the flow of gas to separate the powder build material from the flow of gas

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFiltration: Filter (physical)

Data Source

PatentEP3436238B1Powder build material handling
Publication Date: 2023.01.11 HEWLETT PACKARD DEVELOPMENT COMPANY LP
  • EP3436238B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3436238B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3436238B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Disclosed is a powder build material handling system for a three-dimensional printer. The system comprises a delivery system. The delivery system is to carry powder build material in a flow of gas from a powder build material supply. The delivery system is to filter the flow of gas to separate the powder build material from the flow of gas. The delivery system is to direct the filtered flow of gas to the powder build material supply to form a closed system.