Closed-Loop tES Waveforms for Personalized Brain Stimulation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) technologies lack the ability to adaptively modulate brain activity with precision and personalization, particularly in addressing neurological disorders and seizures, due to limitations in waveform customization and feedback mechanisms.

Innovation Solution

A neuromodulation device that generates poly-modulated waveforms through a closed-loop system, combining multiple pulse parameters and utilizing adaptive feedback from various sensors to tailor stimulation to individual brain activity, incorporating a circuit board system with dynamic sensor arrays and machine learning algorithms for precise neuromodulation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If conventional tES waveforms are used, then the device structure remains simple, but the ability to adaptively modulate brain activity with precision and personalization is limited

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveprecision of brain activity modulationVSAvoidwaveform customization capability

Core Design Contradiction:

Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements dynamic waveform generation by combining multiple pulse parameters (amplitude, frequency, duration, polarity) that can be continuously adjusted based on real-time feedback from neural sensors. The closed-loop system dynamically modifies stimulation parameters to adapt to changing brain states, enabling precise and personalized neuromodulation while managing device complexity through systematic parameter integration.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #15Dynamics

2Adaptability or versatility

If fixed waveform parameters are used, then the device operation is simple, but the adaptability to individual brain activity patterns is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvepersonalization of stimulationVSAvoidoperation complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

Adaptability or versatilityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a closed-loop feedback system where neural activity is continuously monitored via sensors, and the detected brain states are used to automatically adjust stimulation waveform parameters. This feedback mechanism enables the device to adapt to individual brain activity patterns and personalize stimulation without requiring complex manual configuration, as the system self-regulates based on real-time neural feedback.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The system achieves personalization by dynamically changing multiple waveform parameters including amplitude, frequency, pulse duration, and polarity based on detected brain states. These parameter changes are automatically computed to match individual neural characteristics, providing adaptable and personalized stimulation while maintaining ease of operation through automated parameter optimization.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If real-time feedback processing is implemented, then the neuromodulation effectiveness is enhanced, but the energy consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveeffectiveness of neuromodulationVSAvoidenergy consumption

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements partial feedback processing by selectively monitoring and responding to specific neural features and brain states that are most relevant to the therapeutic goal. Rather than processing all neural data continuously, the system focuses computational resources on critical detection thresholds and key neural markers, enhancing neuromodulation effectiveness while reducing overall energy consumption through targeted rather than exhaustive processing.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables precise and personalized neuromodulation by dynamically adjusting waveform parameters based on real-time neural feedback, enhancing selectivity and effectiveness in treating neurological disorders and preventing seizures.

Implementation Method 1

transcranial electrical stimulation to modulate brain activity

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectElectrical stimulation: Electric Field

Implementation Method 2

electrode arrays attached to the device can stimulate and/or sense neural activity

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectElectrical conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Data Source

PatentUS12502535B2Transcranial electrical stimulation using poly-modulated waveforms

Publication Date: 2025.12.23 U LLC

AI summary

The patent application describes an adaptable neuromodulation device for transcranial electrical brain stimulation. The system can generate complex poly-modulated waveforms by combining multiple pulse parameters in a randomized manner across dimensions like amplitude, frequency, phase, timing, and polarity. It leverages both digital and analog modulation techniques for waveform versatility. The device features pathway optimization algorithms that tune stimulation using neural feedback data to target specific brain region shapes with greater precision. It also enables closed-loop operation for responsiveness to physiological changes. The application details the mathematical and computational foundations, spanning graph theory to generate digital twins. It highlights applications from cognitive enhancement to seizure control. Overall, the innovation promises versatility and precision in non-invasive neuromodulation through adaptable, optimized waveforms grounded in sophisticated modeling.