Clostridium-Derived Treg Composition for Colon Immune Suppression
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Solution Overview
Problem
The mechanisms of how regulatory T cells (Treg cells) are induced in the colon and produce IL-10 at a high level are unclear, and the influence of intestinal commensal bacteria on their induction is not well understood, which hinders effective treatments for autoimmune diseases and inflammatory bowel disease.
Innovation Solution
The use of chloroform-treated fractions and spore-forming bacteria from the genus Clostridium, or their physiologically active substances, is found to induce the proliferation and accumulation of regulatory T cells, which suppress effector T cell proliferation and regulate immune responses.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the mechanisms of regulatory T cell induction and IL-10 production are not understood, then effective treatments for autoimmune diseases and inflammatory bowel disease cannot be developed, but researching these mechanisms requires complex experimental systems and time-consuming studies
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the active ingredient (bacteria or physiologically active substance) from the complex intestinal microbiota and presents it in isolation. This allows the specific mechanism of Treg cell induction to be studied without the confounding variables of other bacteria present in the gut, thereby accelerating the research process while maintaining treatment effectiveness.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary substance (physiologically active substance derived from bacteria) that mediates between the complex microbiota and the immune system. This intermediary can be isolated and studied independently, providing a bridge that simplifies mechanism research while preserving the therapeutic effect.
2Adaptability or versatility
If intestinal commensal bacteria are not considered in Treg cell induction, then the complexity of gut microbiota interactions is ignored, but including all commensal bacteria makes the system too complex to manage and study
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and identifies specific bacteria from the genus Clostridium that are responsible for Treg cell induction. By isolating these specific organisms from the complex mix of intestinal commensal bacteria, the patent maintains biological relevance while dramatically reducing system complexity for study and treatment.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by focusing on specific regions or characteristics of the bacterial system - specifically the genus Clostridium and its physiologically active substances - rather than treating all intestinal bacteria uniformly. This allows targeted study of Treg cell induction mechanisms without being overwhelmed by the entire microbiota.
Data Source
AI summary
It was found that bacteria belonging to the genus Clostridium induce accumulation of regulatory T cells (Treg cells) in the colon. Moreover, the present inventors found that regulatory T cells (Treg cells) induced by from these bacteria suppressed proliferation of effector T-cells. From these findings, the present inventors found that the use of bacteria belonging to the genus Clostridium or a physiologically active substance derived therefrom made it possible to induce proliferation or accumulation of regulatory T cells (Treg cells), and further to suppress immune functions.