Cloud V2X SPaT Broadcast Using Virtual RSUs and Load Clustering
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing V2X systems face limitations in scalability, cost-efficiency, and latency, particularly in the real-time broadcast of signal phase and timing (SPaT) data, which are critical for autonomous vehicle safety and traffic management.
Innovation Solution
A cloud-based V2X system utilizing dockerized containers, MQTT brokers, and geolocation-driven data delivery, enabling real-time processing and distribution of SPaT data across heterogeneous networks, with virtual RSUs hosted in the cloud to replace physical ones, and employing intelligent clustering for load distribution.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If physical road-side units (RSUs) are deployed at each intersection to enable V2X communication, then real-time SPaT data broadcast is achieved, but deployment cost and device complexity increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates virtual copies of RSU functionality through software containers deployed on existing network infrastructure. Instead of installing physical RSUs at each intersection, the system uses containerized applications that replicate RSU functions on cloud or edge servers, achieving the same SPaT data broadcast capability with significantly reduced hardware deployment complexity and cost
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical/physical deployment of RSU hardware with a software-based virtualization approach. By substituting physical infrastructure with containerized software running on existing networks, the system eliminates the need for complex physical installation while maintaining real-time data broadcast functionality
2Device complexity
If cloud-based V2X architecture is used to reduce deployment cost, then scalability and cost-efficiency improve, but network latency increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic architecture where containerized applications can be dynamically deployed, scaled, and positioned based on real-time network conditions and latency requirements. The system can dynamically adjust the deployment topology to place processing closer to data sources when low latency is critical, while maintaining cost-efficiency through cloud-based resources
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the V2X service into independent containerized applications that can be deployed at different layers (cloud, edge, on-premise). This segmentation allows the system to process data locally at edge nodes to minimize latency for time-critical SPaT broadcasts, while using centralized cloud resources for less time-sensitive operations, thus balancing latency and cost-efficiency
3Area of stationary object
If existing V2X systems use traditional DSRC and C-V2X technologies, then coverage is achieved, but scalability and data management capability are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a universal platform using standardized containerization technologies that can run on diverse network infrastructures (cloud, edge, on-premise). This multi-functional approach allows the same containerized applications to serve multiple deployment scenarios and communicate with various V2X devices, significantly enhancing scalability while maintaining broad coverage capabilities
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a nested architecture where containerized applications are deployed within existing network infrastructure layers. The containerized V2X services can be nested within cloud platforms, edge computing nodes, and network routers, allowing the system to scale by adding more container instances without requiring fundamental infrastructure changes, thus achieving both coverage and scalability
4Device complexity
If single-cellular-operator networks are used for cloud-based V2X, then implementation is simplified, but interoperability is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the V2X communication function into standardized containerized applications that can independently interface with different network operators. Each container can be configured to communicate with specific operators while maintaining the same core functionality, allowing multi-operator interoperability through standardized container protocols rather than operator-specific proprietary systems
Data Source
AI summary
A method and system for cloud-based V2X for providing real-time broadcast of signal phase and timing (SPaT) data. An example method includes receiving SPaT data from one or more traffic signal controllers, processing the SPaT data by converting the SPaT data from an original format into one or more different formats, where the processing includes distributing a processing load over a plurality of docker containers using a grouping or clustering algorithm that takes into account a raw data arrival sequence from the traffic signal controllers, determining one or more nearest intersections based on geolocation of a client device, and transmitting processed SPaT data related to at least one of the one or more nearest intersections to the client device.