CMC Mid-Turbine Frame with Spring Biased Tie-Rods

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current mid-turbine frames in gas turbine engines face challenges in withstanding high thermal and pressure loads, leading to potential delamination and leakage issues due to thermal expansion and axial deflection, which existing technologies have not adequately addressed.

Innovation Solution

A mid-turbine frame constructed using Ceramic Matrix Composite (CMC) materials with a ring-strut-ring structure and spring biased tie-rod assemblies that apply compressive force to maintain the frame in a state of compression, reducing thermal expansion effects and minimizing stress risers, thereby enhancing structural integrity and leak-proofing.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional materials and structures are used in the mid-turbine frame, then manufacturing simplicity is maintained, but the frame cannot adequately resist thermal and pressure loads leading to delamination and leakage

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestructural integrityVSAvoidstructure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies composite materials by constructing the mid-turbine frame using Ceramic Matrix Composite (CMC) materials with a ring-strut-ring structure. This composite structure provides enhanced resistance to thermal and pressure loads while maintaining structural integrity, directly resolving the contradiction between reliability and structural complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent segments the mid-turbine frame into distinct functional components: an inner ring, outer ring, and strut elements. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized for specific functions (thermal resistance, pressure containment, structural support) while working together to solve the overall reliability issue.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Stability of the object's composition

If the mid-turbine frame is designed to resist thermal expansion, then structural stability is improved, but axial deflection and delamination risks increase under high thermal loads

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethermal stabilityVSAvoidresistance to thermal loads
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the material parameters by using CMC materials with specific thermal expansion characteristics that match the operational environment. This parameter change allows the frame to resist thermal expansion while maintaining strength and preventing delamination under high thermal loads.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The composite CMC material structure provides both thermal stability and strength resistance simultaneously. The material composition is designed to withstand thermal expansion stresses while maintaining structural integrity, resolving the contradiction between stability and strength.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

3Reliability

If spring biased tie-rod assemblies are added to apply compressive force, then leak-proofing is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveleak-proofingVSAvoidassembly complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The spring biased tie-rod assemblies are designed to automatically maintain compressive force on the frame elements without requiring external control systems. The springs self-regulate to maintain the necessary compressive force for leak-proofing, achieving reliability through self-service mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The compressive force from the spring biased tie-rod assemblies is applied in advance to counteract potential thermal expansion and pressure-induced separation. This preliminary anti-action prevents leakage before it occurs, improving reliability while adding controlled complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #9Preliminary anti-action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The CMC mid-turbine frame effectively resists thermal and pressure loads, reducing axial deflection and delamination risks, ensuring a stable and leak-proof structure that maintains structural integrity under varying operational conditions.

Implementation Method 1

spring biased tie-rod assemblies that apply compressive force to maintain the frame in a state of compression

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCompression: Compression

Implementation Method 2

reducing thermal expansion effects

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal expansion: Thermal Expansion

Implementation Method 3

Ceramic Matrix Composite (CMC) materials with a ring-strut-ring structure

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectComposite materials: Composite Materials

Implementation Method 4

resists thermal and pressure loads

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal expansion: Thermal Expansion

Data Source

PatentEP2584152B1Mid turbine frame (MTF) for a gas turbine engine
Publication Date: 2019.04.17 UNITED TECH CORP
  • EP2584152B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2584152B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2584152B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A static structure of a gas turbine engine (20) includes a multiple of airfoil sections (90) between an outer ring (94) and an inner ring (92). A spring biased tie-rod assembly (80) is mounted through at least one of the multiple of airfoil sections (90).