Electrolytic Solution with CN Functional Groups for Battery Safety
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Solution Overview
Problem
Electrochemical devices face safety issues such as battery swelling, automatic shutdown, and combustion explosion due to increased impedance and thermal impact over time, necessitating improved safety standards and performance.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating compounds with a —CN functional group into the electrolytic solution of electrochemical devices to enhance floating-charge performance, long-cycle impedance, and thermal impact resistance, specifically using a combination of tetranitrile and dinitrile compounds, sulfur-oxygen double bond compounds, cyclic carbonate esters, and carboxylate esters to form protective films and improve lithium ion stability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional electrolytic solutions are used in electrochemical devices, then the devices can operate normally, but safety issues such as battery swelling, automatic shutdown, and combustion explosion occur due to increased impedance and thermal impact over time
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by introducing compounds with —CN functional groups into the electrolytic solution before the electrochemical device operates. These compounds proactively form protective films on electrode surfaces and stabilize the electrolyte, preventing safety issues like swelling and combustion before they can occur during cycling, thereby improving both safety performance and cycle life simultaneously
Solution Approach 2:
The compounds containing —CN functional groups act as intermediaries between the electrolytic solution and the electrodes. They mediate the interaction by forming protective interface layers that reduce direct harmful contacts, lower impedance, and improve thermal stability, thus resolving the contradiction between safety and durability
2Power
If electrochemical devices are designed for high energy density and high working voltage, then power output is improved, but safety standards and thermal stability requirements become more stringent
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the electrolytic solution by incorporating compounds with —CN functional groups. This modification alters the thermal and electrochemical properties of the system, enabling it to withstand higher working voltages while simultaneously improving thermal stability and reducing harmful thermal effects
3Duration of action of stationary object
If batteries are used for extended periods, then energy storage function is maintained, but impedance increases leading to performance degradation
Solution Approach 1:
The compounds with —CN functional groups perform preliminary protective action by forming stable interface films on electrodes before extensive cycling occurs. This preliminary film formation prevents subsequent impedance increase, allowing the battery to maintain low impedance and high reliability over extended service periods
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The addition of these compounds significantly improves the floating-charge performance, reduces post-cycle impedance, and enhances thermal stability, thereby addressing safety concerns and maintaining battery performance over extended cycles.
Implementation Method 1
Incorporating compounds with a —CN functional group into the electrolytic solution of electrochemical devices to enhance floating-charge performance, long-cycle impedance, and thermal impact resistance, specifically using a combination of tetranitrile and dinitrile compounds, sulfur-oxygen double bond compounds, cyclic carbonate esters, and carboxylate esters to form protective films
Implementation Method 2
The electrolytic solution is characterized by comprising compounds having a —CN functional group. The electrolytic solution can significantly improve the floating-charge performance, the increased impedance under a long cycle, and the thermal impact performance of an electrochemical device
Data Source
AI summary
The present application relates to an electrolytic solution and an electrochemical device containing the electrolytic solution. The electrolytic solution of the present invention comprises a compound having a —CN functional group, and is capable of significantly improving the floating-charge performance, the increased impedance accompanying the long-term cycle test, and the thermal impact performance of an electrochemical device using the electrolytic solution.