CNGA2 Agonists Lower Odor Thresholds in Fragrance Compositions
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Solution Overview
Problem
Fragrance compositions in detergents, cleaning products, and cosmetic products face limitations in cost and concentration, leading to reduced performance over time, necessitating a solution to enhance olfactory effects at lower dosages.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating compounds that act as agonists of the human olfactory ion channel CNGA2, such as 2-methylindole and 3-methylindole, to lower the odor thresholds of other fragrances, thereby enhancing the olfactory impression without increasing fragrance concentration.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the concentration of fragrance is increased to enhance olfactory effect, then the olfactory performance is improved, but the cost increases and the product shows concentration (reduced amount per application)
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces CNGA2 agonists as intermediary substances that mediate between the fragrance molecules and the olfactory receptors. These agonists directly activate the CNGA2 ion channels in olfactory receptor cells, amplifying the signal transduction pathway and enhancing the olfactory perception of fragrances without requiring increased fragrance concentration
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the physiological parameter of odor threshold by introducing CNGA2 agonists. These compounds lower the detection threshold of olfactory receptors, making the fragrance molecules more detectable at lower concentrations, thereby improving olfactory performance without increasing fragrance dosage
2Reliability
If the concentration of fragrance is increased to maintain performance, then the olfactory effect is sustained, but the cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
CNGA2 agonists serve as cost-effective intermediary compounds that amplify the olfactory signal. By directly activating ion channels in olfactory receptor cells, these agonists enhance the perception of fragrance molecules, allowing reduced fragrance dosage while maintaining performance and lowering overall cost
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the odor threshold parameter through CNGA2 agonist addition. This physiological parameter change enables the same olfactory performance to be achieved at lower fragrance concentrations, reducing the quantity of expensive fragrance material required
3Loss of substance
If the concentration of fragrance is reduced to lower cost, then the cost decreases, but the olfactory performance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses CNGA2 agonists as signal-amplifying intermediaries that compensate for reduced fragrance concentration. These agonists directly stimulate ion channels in olfactory receptor cells, creating a stronger neural signal that maintains olfactory performance even when fragrance dosage is reduced
Solution Approach 2:
By introducing CNGA2 agonists, the patent changes the odor detection threshold parameter, enabling lower fragrance concentrations to achieve the same perceptible effect. This parameter modification allows cost reduction through reduced fragrance usage while maintaining acceptable olfactory performance
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The use of CNGA2 agonists significantly increases the olfactory effect of fragrances, allowing for stronger scents at reduced fragrance concentrations, thus addressing the cost and performance issues.
Implementation Method 1
CNGA2 agonists can directly activate ion channels of olfactory receptor cells and thereby lower the odor thresholds of other odorants
Implementation Method 2
The CNGA2 ion channel is a calcium channel activated by cAMP that plays an important role in signal transmission via olfactory receptors
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to the use of compounds which are effective as agonists of the human olfactory ion channel CNGA2 (cyclic nucleotide-gated channel alpha 2) for enhancing the olfactory effect of other odorants, as well as to compositions and agents containing these compounds in combination with other odorants and to the use thereof.