CNT-Infused Fiber Self-Shielding Wire for Power Transmission

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Solution Overview

Problem

The power transmission industry faces challenges with high transmission/distribution losses and infrastructure costs due to sagging lines, as well as signal distortion from crosstalk and noise in power and data transfer lines, which existing shielding methods attempt to address but often increase weight and cost.

Innovation Solution

A power transmission cable with a high-strength core made of carbon nanotube (CNT)-infused fibers, where CNTs are aligned either parallel or radially to the fiber axes, providing both enhanced electrical conduction and electromagnetic shielding, thus reducing weight, cost, and signal interference.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Object-affected harmful factors

If traditional shielding materials (magnetic foils) are incorporated in wire sheathing to reduce crosstalk and noise, then signal distortion is reduced, but weight and cost increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal distortionVSAvoidwire weight
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses carbon nanotube-infused fibers as a composite material that combines structural support and electromagnetic shielding functions. The carbon nanotubes are infused into the fiber matrix to create a material with both mechanical strength and electromagnetic interference shielding capabilities, eliminating the need for separate heavy shielding layers.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The carbon nanotube-infused fiber serves multiple functions simultaneously: it provides structural support for the wire, acts as an electromagnetic shield against crosstalk and noise, and maintains signal integrity. This multi-functionality replaces traditional separate components (structural wire + shielding foil), reducing overall weight.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Object-affected harmful factors

If traditional shielding materials (magnetic foils) are incorporated in wire sheathing to reduce crosstalk and noise, then signal distortion is reduced, but cost increases significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesignal distortionVSAvoidmanufacturing cost
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The carbon nanotube-infused fiber creates a composite material that integrates shielding functionality into the wire structure itself. This eliminates the need for additional manufacturing steps involving separate shielding material installation, reducing overall manufacturing complexity and cost.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent merges the structural wire and shielding material into a single integrated component (carbon nanotube-infused fiber). This consolidation eliminates the need for separate manufacturing and assembly processes for structural support and electromagnetic shielding, reducing production costs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Ease of manufacture

If power transmission line spans are increased to reduce infrastructure costs, then fewer support structures are needed, but line sag increases due to limited strength/stiffness

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinfrastructure costVSAvoidline strength
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The carbon nanotube-infused fiber creates a composite material with enhanced tensile strength and stiffness compared to traditional materials. This increased strength-to-weight ratio allows transmission lines to span longer distances between support structures without excessive sagging, reducing the number of required infrastructure elements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the material parameters (strength, stiffness, strength-to-weight ratio) by infusing carbon nanotubes into the fiber structure. This parameter enhancement enables the line to maintain adequate tension and positioning over longer spans, allowing increased span lengths while maintaining performance requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The CNT-infused fiber core improves power transmission efficiency, reduces transmission loss, and enhances the structural integrity of power transmission lines, allowing them to span longer distances with fewer support structures while minimizing electromagnetic interference.

Implementation Method 1

The infused carbon nanotubes may be aligned parallel to or perpendicular to the fiber axes

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Implementation Method 2

The electromagnetic shield for the wire may include a plurality of carbon nanotube infused fibers. The infused carbon nanotubes may be aligned radially about the fiber axes.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic shielding: Faraday Cage

Data Source

PatentEP2523807B1CNT-infused fiber as a self shielding wire for enhanced power transmission line
Publication Date: 2019.12.04 APPLIED NANOSTRUCTURED SOLUTIONS LLC
  • EP2523807B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2523807B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2523807B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A wire includes a plurality of carbon nanotube infused fibers in which the infused carbon nanotubes are aligned parallel to the fiber axes. An electromagnetic shield for a wire includes a plurality of carbon nanotube infused fibers, in which the infused carbon nanotubes are aligned radially about the fiber axes. The plurality of carbon nanotube infused fibers are arranged circumferentially about the wire with the fiber axes parallel to the wire. A self-shielded wire includes 1) a wire that includes a plurality of carbon nanotube infused fibers in which the infused carbon nanotubes are aligned parallel to the fiber axes; and 2) an electromagnetic shield that includes a plurality of carbon nanotube infused fibers in which the carbon nanotubes are aligned radially about the fiber axes. The axes of the carbon nanotube infused fibers of the wire and the carbon nanotube infused fibers of the electromagnetic shield share are parallel.