Co-Charging Circuit Eliminates Lead-Acid Battery
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Solution Overview
Problem
The existing photovoltaic power generation systems with independent power supply are costly due to the short lifespan of lead-acid batteries, leading to high depreciation and weight issues, and lack efficiency in charging devices without requiring reverse current protection diodes.
Innovation Solution
A cooperative charging system that eliminates the need for 12V lead-acid batteries by using a circuit with n-channel electric field effect transistors, rectifying diodes, and capacitors, allowing direct DC power supply from solar cells and mobile batteries, and includes analog switching elements for efficient charging and power management.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Duration of action of moving object
If a lead-acid battery is used in an independent photovoltaic power supply system, then the system can store electricity for later use, but the system cost increases due to short battery lifespan and frequent replacement
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the lead-acid battery from the system entirely, extracting the energy storage component that causes cost and reliability issues. The system achieves its purpose through direct DC-DC conversion and rectification circuits without requiring chemical battery storage, thereby eliminating replacement costs and extending system durability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the expensive, short-lived lead-acid battery with a more durable alternative configuration using rectifying diodes, capacitors, and DC-DC converters. This substitution uses components with longer operational lifespans and lower replacement costs, directly addressing the reliability-economics contradiction.
2Duration of action of moving object
If a lead-acid battery is used for energy storage, then the system can operate independently, but the system weight increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes the heavy lead-acid battery from the system, replacing it with a lighter configuration of electronic components including rectifying diodes, capacitors, and DC-DC converters. This maintains energy storage and conversion functionality while dramatically reducing system weight.
3Reliability
If reverse current protection diodes are installed in the solar cell system, then current flow direction is controlled, but energy loss increases and system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the reverse current protection function into the main rectification circuit by using the same rectifying diodes for both purposes. This eliminates the need for separate protection diodes, reducing energy loss and simplifying the system while maintaining reliable current control.
Solution Approach 2:
The rectifying diodes in the system perform multiple functions: they rectify AC to DC and simultaneously provide reverse current protection. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for additional components, reducing both energy loss and system complexity while maintaining current control reliability.
4Adaptability or versatility
If multiple power sources (solar cell and mobile battery) are used for charging, then charging availability improves, but circuit complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple power sources (solar cell and mobile battery) into a unified charging circuit that uses common rectifying diodes and DC-DC converters. This integration allows seamless switching between power sources without requiring complex control circuits, maintaining high charging availability while minimizing circuit complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This system reduces costs, weight, and energy wastage by eliminating the need for reverse current protection diodes, enhancing power efficiency and enabling immediate charging from mobile batteries without additional hardware.
Implementation Method 1
a solar cell 101 and a commercial AC power supply 102 or a mobile battery 127 cooperatively charge a device 106 to be charged
Data Source
AI summary
By using the co-charging system of this invention, a 12V battery such as a lead storage battery is not required, so that depreciation cost can be suppressed. In order to realize above, power should be always supplied to the power supply node of the control circuit by following. (1) Connect the diode so that current flows from the power supply supplied from the solar cell, the power supply supplied from the AC adapter, the power supply supplied from the mobile battery, to the power supply node of the control circuit. (2) Connect a large-capacity capacitor such as an electric double layer capacitor to the power supply of the control circuit. (3) The inverter has an nMOS field-effect transistor+resistor configuration, and the inverter has an nMOS field-effect transistor+resistor+pMOS field-effect transistor configuration.