Multi-Stage CO2 Capture Heat Integration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current carbon dioxide capture systems using temperature swing adsorption with fluidized bed processes consume high amounts of energy for desorption, increasing capture costs due to the energy required to release carbon dioxide from adsorbents.
Innovation Solution
A multi-stage carbon dioxide capture system utilizing carbon dioxide adsorbents with different adsorption and desorption temperatures, where adsorption heat generated in one section is transferred to another section for desorption, reducing energy consumption and optimizing adsorbent usage through various configurations of bubbling and diluted fluidized bed columns.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If temperature swing adsorption with fluidized bed processes is used for carbon dioxide capture, then carbon dioxide can be effectively separated from flue gases, but high amounts of energy are consumed for desorption
Solution Approach 1:
The system is divided into multiple adsorption/desorption sections operating at different temperature levels. Each section handles a specific temperature range, allowing the desorption requirement of one section to be met by the adsorption heat of another section, thereby segmenting the overall energy requirement into manageable portions that can be internally balanced.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges the adsorption and desorption processes into an integrated multi-stage system where heat transfer occurs between adjacent sections. The adsorption section and desorption section are combined in a way that the exothermic heat from adsorption directly supplies the endothermic desorption process, creating a self-sustaining thermal cycle.
2Productivity
If adsorbents with high adsorption and desorption rates are used, then carbon dioxide capture efficiency is improved, but heat exchange efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
By segmenting the system into multiple sections with different temperature levels, the patent allows fast-responding adsorbents to be used in each section while maintaining overall heat exchange efficiency. Each section operates independently at its optimal temperature, preventing the heat loss that would occur in a single large-scale system.
Solution Approach 2:
Different sections of the system are assigned different temperature characteristics and adsorbent types optimized for those specific conditions. This local optimization allows each section to achieve high productivity while the overall system maintains efficient heat exchange through the temperature gradient established across sections.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach reduces energy consumption for carbon dioxide capture by utilizing adsorption heat for desorption, achieving efficient energy transfer and lowering capture costs while maintaining efficient operation based on adsorbent characteristics.
Implementation Method 1
a first carbon dioxide adsorption section, a first carbon dioxide desorption section connected to the first carbon dioxide adsorption section
Implementation Method 2
adsorption heat generated from the first carbon dioxide adsorption section is transferred to the second carbon dioxide desorption section
Implementation Method 3
the second carbon dioxide desorption section connected to the second carbon dioxide adsorption section, and a second carbon dioxide adsorbent circulating through the second carbon dioxide adsorption section and the second carbon dioxide desorption section
Data Source
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AI summary
One embodiment of the present invention provides a carbon dioxide capture system. The system includes a first carbon dioxide adsorption/desorption section and a second carbon dioxide adsorption/desorption section. The first carbon dioxide adsorption/desorption section includes a first carbon dioxide adsorption section, a first carbon dioxide desorption section connected to the first carbon dioxide adsorption section, and a first carbon dioxide adsorbent circulating through the first carbon dioxide adsorption section and the first carbon dioxide desorption section. The second carbon dioxide adsorption/desorption section includes a second carbon dioxide adsorption section, a second carbon dioxide desorption section connected to the second carbon dioxide adsorption section, and a second carbon dioxide adsorbent circulating through the second carbon dioxide adsorption section and the second carbon dioxide desorption section. The first carbon dioxide adsorption section is connected to the second carbon dioxide desorption section such that adsorption heat generated from the first carbon dioxide adsorption section can be transferred to the second carbon dioxide desorption section. The first carbon dioxide adsorbent has different adsorption and desorption temperatures from the second carbon dioxide adsorbent.