CO2 Capture Filter System Using Hydroxide Solvent
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current carbon dioxide capture technologies are not economical or sustainable enough to effectively address the increasing global CO2 emissions contributing to global warming and ocean acidification.
Innovation Solution
A carbon dioxide filter system comprising a reservoir, a solvent containing hydroxide such as calcium hydroxide, an injector with a fan, and a collection chamber, which reacts CO2 with the solvent to produce calcium carbonate and a gas substantially free of CO2, utilizing wind energy for power and recycling resources, including wastewater from the corn processing industry.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional CO2 capture technologies are used, then CO2 can be captured, but the system is not economical or sustainable
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses waste heat from industrial processes to regenerate the solvent and power the blower, making the CO2 capture process self-sustaining without requiring additional external energy inputs. This eliminates the main economic barrier of conventional capture technologies.
Solution Approach 2:
The system recovers CO2 from industrial exhaust streams that would otherwise be discarded into the atmosphere. By capturing and concentrating this waste CO2, the system converts a harmful emission into a valuable product while eliminating disposal costs.
2Productivity
If energy-intensive CO2 capture methods are employed, then CO2 capture efficiency improves, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system operates in periodic cycles of absorption and desorption, using the natural thermal cycles of industrial processes to drive solvent regeneration. This periodic operation achieves high capture efficiency without continuous high energy input.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes temperature parameters to drive the CO2 capture and release cycles. By utilizing temperature variations already present in industrial processes, the system achieves efficient CO2 separation without requiring additional energy-intensive heating or cooling.
3Reliability
If complex CO2 capture systems are implemented, then capture performance improves, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system merges the CO2 capture function with existing industrial exhaust handling systems. By integrating the capture process into the existing exhaust stream infrastructure, the system achieves high performance without adding complex separate systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The solvent system serves multiple functions: capturing CO2, concentrating it, and enabling its reuse or sequestration. This multi-functionality reduces the need for multiple separate systems and simplifies the overall process architecture.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system efficiently captures CO2, reduces atmospheric CO2 concentrations, and recycles resources, offering a sustainable and economical solution for carbon dioxide capture, particularly suitable for industrial and urban areas, with potential applications in concrete production and emissions reduction.
Implementation Method 1
The carbon dioxide filter system may be configured to react the gas containing carbon dioxide with the solvent. In a specific example, the byproducts of the reaction may include calcium carbonate and a gas that is substantially free of carbon dioxide and/or carbon monoxide.
Implementation Method 2
The integration of wind energy with the fluid capturing filter benefits the CO2 capture process in many areas such as big and industrialized cities, corn processing plants, and various other carbon dioxide producing facilities.
Implementation Method 3
In a specific example, the carbon dioxide filter system may utilize a decantation process to separate the calcium carbonate from the solvent.
Data Source
AI summary
The carbon dioxide filter system includes a reservoir, a solvent, an injector coupled to the reservoir, an exhaust port, and a collection chamber. The solvent is disposed in the reservoir. The injector, the exhaust port, and the collection chamber are each coupled to the reservoir. The solvent includes a hydroxide. The injector includes a fan configured to direct polluted air containing carbon dioxide to the reservoir. The polluted air containing carbon dioxide reacts with the hydroxide of the solvent. The reaction may separate the carbon dioxide from the air, thus forming a liquid filter. The reaction produces a by-product that is separable from the solvent.