Carbon Dioxide Capture System Using Pure Oxygen Combustion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current systems for reducing carbon dioxide emissions from internal combustion engines and fuel cells are either expensive, complex, or limited by energy density and recharging time, and hydrogen fuel poses storage challenges.
Innovation Solution
A system that utilizes the oxidation of carbon-containing fuels with pure oxygen to produce a product gas of carbon dioxide and water, which is compressed and recycled, allowing for the reduction or elimination of carbon dioxide emissions through thermal-chemical recycling and storage, and can be integrated into existing drive devices like internal combustion engines or fuel cells.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-generated harmful factors
If carbon dioxide is collected in amine-based solvents, then carbon dioxide removal is achieved, but the system becomes expensive and complicated
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and separates carbon dioxide from combustion exhaust gases using a gas separator, removing it from the product gas stream. This allows carbon dioxide to be collected and stored separately, reducing emissions while simplifying the overall system compared to complex amine-based solvent systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The system segments the exhaust gas processing into distinct functional components: a gas separator that divides the exhaust stream into carbon dioxide-rich and carbon monoxide-rich streams, enabling separate handling and storage of different gas components.
2Object-generated harmful factors
If hydrogen is used as fuel, then carbon dioxide emissions are avoided, but energy density is reduced and storage problems arise
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the fuel parameter from hydrogen to carbon-based fuels (gasoline, diesel, natural gas), which have higher energy densities. This parameter change maintains practical energy storage capabilities while the system processes the resulting carbon dioxide emissions through the gas separator and storage system.
3Quantity of substance
If carbon-based fuels are used, then energy density is high, but carbon dioxide emissions are produced
Solution Approach 1:
The invention converts the harmful carbon dioxide emissions from carbon-based fuel combustion into a storable resource. The gas separator captures carbon dioxide from the exhaust stream, and the storage system stores it for later use, transforming the waste product into a valuable resource that can be utilized in the future.
Solution Approach 2:
The system recovers carbon dioxide from the combustion exhaust gases using the gas separator, separating it from the carbon monoxide and other exhaust components. The recovered carbon dioxide is then stored in the storage system, preventing its release into the atmosphere while maintaining the ability to use carbon-based fuels for energy.
4Object-generated harmful factors
If existing internal combustion engine technologies are modified, then carbon dioxide emissions are reduced, but development complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The gas separator is designed to handle multiple functions: separating carbon dioxide from exhaust gases, concentrating carbon monoxide, and enabling storage of both gas types. This multi-functional approach reduces the need for multiple separate systems, simplifying the overall modification of existing combustion engine technologies.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach effectively reduces or eliminates carbon dioxide emissions by recycling the product gases, improving energy efficiency and reducing the environmental impact of drive devices, while also enabling the use of existing technologies with modifications.
Implementation Method 1
A device for compressing and/or condensing the product gas is provided
Implementation Method 2
A heat exchanger for cooling the product gas stream can be provided before and/or after the device for compressing and/or condensing the product gas
Implementation Method 3
the energy required for operation is obtained from the oxidation of operating materials containing carbon to form a product gas consisting essentially of carbon dioxide and water
Data Source
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AI summary
The method for emission-free generation of energy and/or hydrocarbons and other products by utilizing carbon-containing materials, comprises supplying and pyrolyzing the carbon-containing materials in a first process stage for producing pyrolysis coke (M21) and pyrolysis gas (M22), gasifying the pyrolysis coke from the first process stage in a second process stage for producing synthesis gas (M24) for removing slag and other residual materials, and converting the synthesis gas from the second process stage into hydrocarbons and/or other solid, liquid and/or gaseous products (M60). The method for emission-free generation of energy and/or hydrocarbons and other products by utilizing carbon-containing materials, comprises supplying and pyrolyzing the carbon-containing materials in a first process stage for producing pyrolysis coke (M21) and pyrolysis gas (M22), gasifying the pyrolysis coke from the first process stage in a second process stage for producing synthesis gas (M24) for removing slag and other residual materials, and converting the synthesis gas from the second process stage into hydrocarbons and/or other solid, liquid and/or gaseous products (M60), which are discharged, in a third process stage. The three process stages form a closed cycle. Excess gas (M25) from the third process stage is conducted as recycled gas into the first process stage and/or the second process stage, and the pyrolysis gas from the first process stage is conducted into the second process stage and/or the third process stage. Hydrogen is supplied in the third process stage and carbon dioxide is supplied in the first process stage or second process stage. A pressure difference exists along the circuit. The supply of heat energy is carried out for the pyrolysis reaction in the first process stage through recirculation of the part of the hot synthesis gas from the second process stage into the first process stage, and/or through partial oxidation of the carbon-containing initial material and the pyrolysis coke. The first process stage is carried out at 500-600[deg] C. Oxygen and/or water steam and/or carbon dioxide is used as degasification agent for the degasification reaction in the second process stage. In the second process stage, the thermal energy necessary for the degasification reaction is supplied through heating device and/or heat exchanger and/or through oxidation of a part of the pyrolysis coke with oxidation agent such as oxygen. The second process stage is carried out at 850-1000[deg] C. The first process stage and/or the second process stage is carried out at a pressure of 10-15 bar in same pressure reactor. The third process stage is carried out with a FischeruTropsch synthesis or a liquid phase methanol synthesis. The electrical and/or mechanical energy is produced through oxidation of the hydrocarbons and/or other solid, fluid and/or gaseous product of the third process stage to an oxidation gas having carbon dioxide. Pure oxygen is used as oxidation agent, and water is condensed out and/or separated from the oxidation gas. The portion of the oxidation gas is stored in the first process stage and/or the second process stage and/or the third processes stage. The electrical and/or mechanical energy is produced in which the synthesis gas is cooled in a heat exchanger. The electrical and/or mechanical energy is produced from water steam and/or another hot gas with steam turbine. An independent claim is included for a device for emission-free generation of energy and/or hydrocarbons and other products by utilizing carbon-containing materials.