CO2 Capture System with Pressure-Jump Regeneration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current carbon capture technologies, particularly those using chemical absorption methods, are energy-intensive and have high regeneration costs, leading to increased CO2 emissions and reduced energy efficiency due to the need for fossil fuel combustion in the regeneration process.
Innovation Solution
A method and system that incorporate a regeneration step with a pressure jump between the regeneration and condensation sections, utilizing heat transfer and compression to reduce energy demand, allowing for efficient CO2 capture and conditioning while minimizing equipment needs such as pumps and cooling systems.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If chemical absorption method is used to capture CO2, then CO2 capture efficiency is improved, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system divides the CO2 capture process into distinct functional sections: an absorption section where CO2 is captured by chemical absorbent, a regeneration section where the absorbent is regenerated, and a condensation section where water is removed. This segmentation allows each section to operate under optimized conditions and improves overall energy efficiency by reducing thermal energy consumption in the regeneration process.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes operating parameters between different sections of the system. Specifically, the pressure in the condensation section is maintained higher than in the regeneration section, and temperature parameters are optimized to enable heat transfer from the condensation section to the regeneration section, reducing external energy input requirements.
2Productivity
If regeneration process is implemented, then CO2 capture completeness is improved, but thermal energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention converts the thermal energy that would normally be wasted into a useful resource. The condensation section, which naturally releases thermal energy during water condensation, is used to provide the thermal energy required for the regeneration process. This internal heat recovery reduces or eliminates the need for external thermal energy input, transforming a potential energy loss into an energy gain.
Solution Approach 2:
The system merges the condensation process and regeneration process into an integrated energy exchange system. The condensation section and regeneration section are thermally coupled, allowing heat transfer from the exothermic condensation process to the endothermic regeneration process. This merging of functions reduces overall thermal energy consumption while maintaining complete CO2 capture.
3Productivity
If conventional regeneration equipment is used, then regeneration efficiency is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The condensation section serves dual purposes: it performs water condensation to condition the CO2 stream and simultaneously provides the thermal energy needed for the regeneration process. This self-service approach eliminates the need for separate external heating equipment, reducing device complexity while maintaining high regeneration efficiency through internal heat recovery.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach significantly reduces thermal energy consumption and design costs, achieving energy savings of up to 30% and eliminating the need for certain equipment, thereby enhancing the overall energy efficiency and reducing CO2 emissions.
Implementation Method 1
The first step uses a chemical absorption column that selectively captures gaseous CO2 by an acid/base chemical reaction between a liquid amine solution
Implementation Method 2
the chemical complex between the amine function and the CO2 formed during the first stage is decomposed by a supply of thermal energy
Implementation Method 3
a heat transfer step between the at least one condensation section and the at least one regeneration section
Implementation Method 4
a step of compressing the gas mixture comprising the solvent and the molecule of interest upstream of the at least one condensation section
Implementation Method 5
a condensation step to form, from the gas mixture comprising the solvent and the molecule of interest, a liquid phase comprising the solvent
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a system or method for capturing a molecule of interest contained in an industrial gaseous effluent, enabling the implementation of a regeneration step (120) in at least one regeneration section (30), a condensation step (150) in at least one condensation section (40), and wherein a step (130) of compressing the gas mixture comprising a solvent and the molecule of interest upstream of the condensation section (40) so that the pressure in the at least one condensation section (40) is at least three times higher than the pressure in the at least one regeneration section (30). The method further comprises a heat transfer step (140) between the at least one condensation section (40) and the at least one regeneration section (30).