CO2 Power Cycle Additive Heating Using Compression Heat
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional power production methods fail to simultaneously achieve high efficiency and carbon capture, as they lack effective means to optimize heat transfer in closed cycle combustion systems using CO2 as a working fluid.
Innovation Solution
The introduction of additive heating to a recycle CO2 stream in an elevated pressure oxy-fuel combustion system, utilizing low temperature level heating from sources other than the hot turbine exhaust, such as compression heat, to enhance heat transfer and efficiency in a recuperative heat exchanger.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If conventional power production methods are used, then simplicity of operation is maintained, but efficiency and carbon capture capability are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The system segments the heating process into two distinct parts: recuperative heating from turbine exhaust and additive heating from compression heat. This segmentation allows each heating source to be optimized independently, with the recuperative heat exchanger recovering waste heat and the additive heating system providing supplementary heat from compression, thereby improving overall efficiency without excessive complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The invention merges two heating sources (turbine exhaust heat and compression heat) into a single integrated system. The recycle CO2 stream receives both recuperative heating from the turbine exhaust and additive heating from the compression process, combining waste heat recovery with compression energy utilization to achieve high efficiency power generation and carbon capture simultaneously
2Use of energy by moving object
If heat from turbine exhaust alone is used for heating, then system simplicity is maintained, but heating capacity is insufficient to achieve desired efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The compression system serves a dual function: it compresses the recycle CO2 stream to the required pressure for the combustor while simultaneously providing additive heating through the compression process itself. The compression heat, which would otherwise be wasted, is utilized to preheat the CO2 stream, allowing the compression system to serve both its primary and thermal preparation functions
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the temperature parameter of the recycle CO2 stream through additive heating during compression. By introducing compression heat at an intermediate stage, the CO2 temperature is elevated beyond what turbine exhaust heat alone can achieve, enabling the stream to reach the required temperature for efficient combustion while maintaining system pressure requirements
3Productivity
If higher pressure ratios are used to improve efficiency, then power generation efficiency increases, but CO2 circulation rates increase and capital costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The additive heating from compression fundamentally changes the temperature-parameter profile of the recycle CO2 stream. By providing supplementary heat during compression, the system achieves higher turbine inlet temperatures and improved cycle efficiency without requiring proportional increases in CO2 circulation rate, thereby breaking the direct relationship between pressure ratio and circulation rate
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach increases the efficiency of power generation by providing additional heat to the CO2 stream, overcoming limitations in existing systems and achieving higher efficiency and lower capital costs with higher pressure ratios and reduced CO2 circulation rates.
Implementation Method 1
cooling of the turbine exhaust in a recuperative heat exchanger, which heats the previously compressed recycle CO2 stream
Implementation Method 2
additive heating of at least part of the recycle CO2 stream in a heat exchanger using a further heat source... heat from the further source can be derived at least in part from compression of at least a portion of the recycle CO2 stream
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to systems and methods that provide power generation using predominantly CO2 as a working fluid. In particular, the present disclosure provides for the use of a portion of the heat of compression from a CO2 compressor as the additive heating necessary to increase the overall efficiency of a power production system and method.