CO2 Fixation via Segmented Reactor and Membrane Filtration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional methods for fixing carbon dioxide in exhaust gases face inefficiencies due to concurrent alkali metal component extraction and carbonation reactions, leading to hindered extraction, prolonged reaction times, and decreased carbonation rates, as well as difficulties in reusing process water and solvents.
Innovation Solution
A system comprising a first reactor for alkali metal component extraction from raw slag and a second reactor for carbonation, utilizing a submerged membrane unit with hollow fiber membranes and an air diffuser to separate carbonate precipitates, allowing for continuous extraction, carbonation, and filtration, with the option to recirculate the solution for reuse.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If alkali metal component extraction and carbonation reaction are performed concurrently in a single reactor, then the process complexity is reduced, but the carbonation rate decreases and extraction efficiency is hindered due to carbonate precipitate accumulation on slag surface
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the single reactor system into two separate reactors: a first reactor for alkali metal component extraction from slag, and a second reactor for carbonation reaction. This segmentation prevents carbonate precipitate accumulation on slag surface in the extraction reactor, maintaining extraction efficiency while enabling continuous carbonation in the second reactor.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts the carbonation reaction step from the extraction process by introducing a separate second reactor. The solution containing extracted alkali metal components is transferred from the first reactor to the second reactor for carbonation, separating the two functions and eliminating the harmful effect of precipitate accumulation on extraction efficiency.
2Device complexity
If conventional filtration methods are used for solid-liquid separation, then the process is simple, but process water and chemical solvents cannot be reused leading to increased operational costs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a submerged membrane unit with hollow fiber membranes in the second reactor for solid-liquid separation. This membrane filtration technology enables efficient separation of carbonate precipitates from the solution while allowing process water and chemical solvents to be recirculated and reused, reducing operational costs and environmental impact.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent recovers and recirculates process water and chemical solvents through the submerged membrane unit system. The filtered solution is returned to the first reactor for continued extraction, while carbonate precipitates are separated and removed, enabling sustainable operation and reducing waste.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This system enables more efficient carbon dioxide fixation and reuse of the filtration solution, improving carbonation rates and reducing operational costs by separating processes and utilizing a submerged membrane unit for efficient carbonate precipitate separation.
Implementation Method 1
A submerged membrane unit is provided within the second reactor to separate the carbonate precipitate
Implementation Method 2
an air diffuser is provided in the second reactor below the submerged membrane unit for delivering gaseous carbon dioxide to the inside of the second reactor
Implementation Method 3
a vacuum pump is mounted on the recirculation pipeline
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a system fixing carbon dioxide. The system comprises a first reactor for extracting alkali metal components from a slag and a second reactor for carbonating the extracted alkali metal component with carbon dioxide. With this system, carbon dioxide can be fixed in a simpler and cost-effective manner.