End-expiratory CO2 Guided Tracheal Intubation Device
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing tracheal intubation techniques face challenges due to visual impairment caused by pus and effusion in the larynx and trachea, which hinders accurate insertion of the intubation tube and affects the efficiency of the procedure.
Innovation Solution
An end-expiratory CO2 guided tracheal intubation device comprising an intubation tube with integrated end-expiratory CO2 catheter, suction tube, and inflatable trachea, utilizing an end-expiratory CO2 sensor to determine the tracheal position and a suction mechanism to clear effusions, enhancing visualization and insertion accuracy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional intubation technique using endoscope is used, then tracheal intubation can be performed, but visual impairment caused by pus and effusion hinders accurate insertion
Solution Approach 1:
The device integrates multiple independent functional modules: CO2 detection module, suction module, and inflation module. Each module operates independently to address specific problems - CO2 detection provides positional feedback without being affected by visual impairment, while suction and inflation modules separately handle effusion clearance and airway patency maintenance
Solution Approach 2:
The end-expiratory CO2 sensor acts as an intermediary indicator to indirectly determine tracheal position. Instead of relying directly on endoscopic visualization which is impaired by effusion, the system uses CO2 detection as a mediator to provide accurate positional information, thereby resolving the visual impairment problem
2Object-affected harmful factors
If suction tube is added to clear effusion, then visualization is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The suction tube is integrated into the intubation tube structure, with the suction opening positioned at the distal end of the intubation tube. This merging of functions allows effusion clearance capability to be added without requiring a completely separate suction device, thereby limiting the increase in device complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The intubation tube is designed to serve multiple functions simultaneously: it provides the airway passage, incorporates CO2 detection capability, includes suction function for effusion clearance, and works with the inflation balloon for airway sealing. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate dedicated devices
3Measurement precision
If CO2 sensor is integrated into intubation tube, then position determination is improved, but manufacturing complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The end-expiratory CO2 sensor is nested within the intubation tube structure, with the sensor positioned at the distal end of the tube. This nested arrangement allows the sensor to be integrated into the existing tube manufacturing process without requiring complete redesign of the production system, thereby limiting the increase in manufacturing complexity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device allows for quick and accurate placement of the endotracheal tube by detecting end-expiratory CO2 levels and effectively clearing effusions, improving the efficiency of the intubation process and reducing the risk of damage during tracheal intubation.
Implementation Method 1
uses the end-expiratory CO2 sensor connected with the end-expiratory CO2 catheter through the end-expiratory CO2 catheter set in the intubation tube wall to detect the end-expiratory CO2 in the patient's breath
Implementation Method 2
Through the suction tube provided in the inner wall of the intubation tube, the air pump connected to the suction tube is used to extract the effusion in the throat and trachea during the intubation process
Implementation Method 3
the inflatable trachea partially penetrates a sidewall of the intubation tube, one end thereof is connected to the airbag, and the other end is connected to the air supply device
Data Source
AI summary
An end-expiratory CO2 guided tracheal intubation apparatus includes: an intubation tube, an end-expiratory CO2 catheter, a suction tube, an airbag and an inflation tube. The end-expiratory CO2 catheter partially penetrates the sidewall of the intubation tube, one end of the end-expiratory CO2 catheter extends beyond an end of the intubation tube, and the other end is connected to an end-expiratory CO2 sensor, the suction tube partially penetrates a sidewall of the intubation tube, one end of the liquid suction tube extends beyond an end of the intubation tube, the other end is connected to an air pump, the airbag sleeves the outer wall of the intubation tube, the inflation tube partially penetrates the sidewall of the intubation tube, one end thereof is connected to the airbag, and the other end is connected to the air supply device.