CO2 Refrigeration Intercooler Bypass for Faster Defrosting

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional air-conditioning apparatuses using carbon dioxide as a refrigerant face inefficiencies due to high temperature differences between the refrigerant and water or air in heat exchangers, leading to increased heat radiation loss and reduced operating efficiency, especially during defrosting operations where frost deposits form and affect the intercooler's defrosting capacity.

Innovation Solution

The refrigeration apparatus incorporates an intercooler bypass tube to minimize refrigerant flow through the intercooler during heating operations, preventing frost buildup and maintaining efficient defrosting by ensuring the intercooler does not function as a cooler after defrosting is complete, thus reducing heat radiation and preserving defrosting capacity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If refrigerant flows through the intercooler during heating operations, then heat exchange can occur, but frost deposits form on the intercooler surface reducing defrosting capacity

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheat exchange efficiencyVSAvoiddefrosting capacity
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The refrigerant flow path is segmented into separate channels: one for heating operation and another for defrosting operation. The intercooler is divided into regions that can be selectively activated, allowing independent control of heat exchange and defrosting functions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically switches the intercooler's function based on operational mode. During heating, the intercooler bypass is closed to enable heat exchange. During defrosting, the bypass opens to redirect refrigerant flow for defrosting while preventing frost accumulation on the intercooler surface.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Loss of energy

If the intercooler functions as a cooler during heating operations, then heat radiation loss increases, but stopping refrigerant flow reduces heat exchange efficiency

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheat radiation lossVSAvoidheat exchange efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The intercooler undergoes periodic functional switching between heat exchange mode and defrosting mode. During heating operations, it performs heat exchange; during defrosting operations, it is bypassed to allow the heat source-side heat exchanger to perform defrosting without heat radiation losses.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

3Reliability

If refrigerant flow continues through the intercooler after defrosting is complete, then defrosting capacity is maintained, but heat radiation loss increases and energy consumption rises

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedefrosting capacityVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The system uses temperature sensors to detect the defrosting status of the heat source-side heat exchanger. When defrosting is detected as complete, the control mechanism closes the intercooler bypass, stopping refrigerant flow through the intercooler and eliminating unnecessary heat radiation losses while maintaining defrosting capacity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration enhances operating efficiency by minimizing heat radiation loss and maintaining defrosting capacity, allowing for faster and more effective defrosting of the intercooler and heat source-side heat exchanger, thereby reducing overall energy consumption and improving system performance.

Implementation Method 1

The intercooler is a heat exchanger integrated with the heat source-side heat exchanger and having air as a heat source... and functions as a cooler of the refrigerant discharged from the first-stage compression element

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat exchange: Heat Exchanger

Implementation Method 2

The heat source-side heat exchanger is a heat exchanger having air as a heat source... and functions as a heater or cooler of refrigerant

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat exchange: Heat Exchanger

Implementation Method 3

an expansion mechanism for depressurizing the refrigerant

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDepressurization: Depressurisation

Data Source

PatentEP2230475B1Refrigeration device
Publication Date: 2012.06.06 DAIKIN INDUSTRIES LTD
  • EP2230475B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2230475B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP2230475B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

An air-conditioning apparatus (1) uses carbon dioxide as a refrigerant, and has a two-stage compression-type compression mechanism (2), a heat source-side heat exchanger (4), an expansion mechanism (5), a usage-side heat exchanger (6), a switching mechanism (3), an intercooler (7) which functions as a cooler of refrigerant discharged from a first-stage compression element and drawn into a second-stage compression element, and an intercooler bypass tube (9). When the air-conditioning apparatus (1) performs a defrosting operation for defrosting the heat source-side heat exchanger (4), refrigerant flows to the heat source-side heat exchanger (4) and the intercooler (7), and after defrosting of the intercooler (7) is detected as being complete, the intercooler bypass tube (9) is used so as to ensure that the refrigerant does not flow to the intercooler (7).