CO2 Power Cycle with Compression Heat Additive Heating for Efficiency
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional power production methods fail to simultaneously achieve high efficiency and carbon capture, particularly in closed cycle combustion systems using CO2 as the working fluid, as they lack effective means to maximize heat transfer and efficiency across varying pressure ratios.
Innovation Solution
The introduction of additive heating to a recycle CO2 stream in an elevated pressure oxy-fuel combustion system, utilizing low temperature level heating from sources other than the hot turbine exhaust, such as compression heat, to enhance the efficiency of power generation and capture CO2 and other impurities.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If conventional combustion methods are used for power production, then power generation is achieved, but efficiency is insufficient and carbon capture is not simultaneously achieved
Solution Approach 1:
The heating process is segmented into two distinct stages: recuperative heating using turbine exhaust heat, and additive heating using compression heat. This segmentation allows each heating stage to operate optimally at different temperature levels, maximizing overall thermal efficiency while enabling carbon capture through the closed CO2 cycle
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the thermodynamic parameters of the CO2 working fluid through controlled compression and heating stages. By adjusting pressure ratios and temperature levels in the additive heating stage, the system optimizes power generation efficiency while maintaining conditions favorable for carbon capture and impurity removal
2Productivity
If only turbine exhaust heat is used for heating recycle CO2, then carbon capture is achieved, but power production efficiency is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The system merges two heat sources - turbine exhaust heat and compression heat - into a unified heating process for the recycle CO2 stream. This combination of heat sources at different temperature levels enables the system to overcome the temperature limitation of using only turbine exhaust heat, thereby significantly improving power production efficiency while maintaining carbon capture capability
3Power
If pressure ratio is increased to improve efficiency, then power output increases, but system complexity and capital costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The compression process generates heat that is directly utilized for heating the recycle CO2 stream in the additive heating stage. This self-service approach, where the compression heat serves the heating requirement, eliminates the need for additional external heat sources or complex heat recovery systems, thereby increasing power output without proportionally increasing system complexity or capital costs
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach increases power production efficiency by providing additional heat to the CO2 stream, optimizing heat exchange, and allowing for higher pressure ratios, resulting in improved energy output and reduced capital costs while capturing CO2 and impurities effectively.
Implementation Method 1
compressing said second turbine exhaust portion adiabatically with no intercooling between compressor stages to form a heated, compressed second turbine exhaust portion
Implementation Method 2
heating said main recycle CO2 stream with heat from said heated, compressed second turbine exhaust portion
Implementation Method 3
passing said CO2 containing stream through a turbine to expand said CO2 containing stream, generate power, and form a turbine exhaust stream comprising CO2
Implementation Method 4
combusting a fuel with oxygen in a combustor in the presence of the recycle CO2 stream to produce a CO2 containing stream
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to systems and methods that provide power generation using predominantly CO2 as a working fluid. In particular, the present disclosure provides for the use of a portion of the heat of compression from a CO2 compressor as the additive heating necessary to increase the overall efficiency of a power production system and method.