Adaptor for Simultaneous CO2 and Pressure Measurement
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for measuring carbon dioxide concentration in expiration gases cannot simultaneously measure airflow pressure and distinguish between nasal and oral expiration gases, making it difficult to effectively assess sleep apnea syndrome, especially in children where inserting multiple tubes is burdensome.
Innovation Solution
A small-sized adaptor with nasal tubes and a mouth guide that directs nasal expiration gas to an airway case with a carbon dioxide sensor and airflow pressure to a branch tube leading to a pressure sensor, allowing for simultaneous measurement of carbon dioxide concentration and airflow pressure, while distinguishing between nasal and oral respirations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If separate tubes are provided for collecting nasal expiration gas and carbon dioxide, then carbon dioxide concentration can be measured, but inserting two types of tubes into the nostrils becomes burdensome for the subject
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the carbon dioxide measurement function and airflow pressure measurement function into a single integrated adaptor device. The adaptor includes a chamber that receives both nasal expiration gas for CO2 measurement and airflow pressure for pressure measurement, eliminating the need for separate tubes and reducing subject burden while maintaining measurement capabilities
2Measurement precision
If a nasal cannula is divided into left and right spaces by a partition wall to measure carbon dioxide in one space and airflow pressure in another, then both measurements can be taken, but information is obtained from only one nostril when one nostril is blocked
Solution Approach 1:
The adaptor is designed to receive nasal expiration gas from both nostrils simultaneously through a common chamber. The nasal tubes are configured to allow expiration gas from either or both nostrils to enter the chamber, enabling the device to function reliably even when one nostril is blocked, while still providing both CO2 and airflow pressure measurements
3Measurement precision
If existing techniques measure carbon dioxide concentration in expiration, then respiratory information can be obtained, but airflow pressure cannot be measured at the same time
Solution Approach 1:
The adaptor integrates multiple measurement functions into a single device by incorporating both a carbon dioxide sensor and an airflow pressure sensor within the same chamber structure. This allows simultaneous measurement of carbon dioxide concentration and airflow pressure from nasal expiration gas without requiring separate measurement systems
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables accurate and non-burdensome measurement of carbon dioxide concentration and airflow pressure in both nasal and oral expiration gases, allowing for effective assessment of sleep apnea syndrome without straining the subject, even if one nostril is blocked.
Implementation Method 1
an airway case, formed with a chamber, and adapted to be coupled with a carbon dioxide sensor so that carbon dioxide in the expiration gas flowing through the chamber is detected by the carbon dioxide sensor
Implementation Method 2
a branch tube, communicating with the nasal tubes and adapted to lead pressure generated by the nasal expiration gas to an external pressure sensor
Data Source
AI summary
An adaptor is adapted to be attached on a face of the subject to collect expiration gas of the subject. An airway case is formed with a chamber, and adapted to be coupled with a carbon dioxide sensor so that carbon dioxide in the expiration gas flowing through the chamber is detected by the carbon dioxide sensor. Nasal tubes are adapted to be inserted into nostrils of the subject when the adaptor is attached on the face of the subject. The nasal tubes are adapted to lead nasal expiration gas of the subject to the chamber. A mouth guide is adapted to lead oral expiration gas of the subject to the chamber when the adaptor is attached on the face of the subject. A branch tube is communicating with the nasal tubes and adapted to lead pressure generated by the nasal expiration gas to an external pressure sensor.