CO2 Gas Purification Using Adsorption for Water Removal
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for purifying CO2 from oxycombustion processes do not guarantee complete elimination of contaminants, particularly water, which is essential for safe storage and transportation, as they are not designed to handle the unique composition and concentration of gases produced in oxycombustion, leading to dilute streams with high nitrogen content.
Innovation Solution
A method involving preheating, compression, and a purification step using exchangers and separators to remove impurities like water, nitrogen, and other gases, followed by recovery of a CO2-rich gas stream, utilizing adsorbent materials in fluidized or fixed bed reactors, and recycling residual gases to optimize impurity removal and energy efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If conventional purification methods are used for CO2 from oxycombustion, then the process is simpler, but water and other impurities are not completely eliminated
Solution Approach 1:
The purification process is divided into multiple sequential steps: preheating to eliminate certain impurities, compression to high pressure, purification step to remove water and other contaminants, and cooling. Each step targets specific impurities and progressively enhances purification completeness without requiring an overly complex single-step system.
Solution Approach 2:
The preheating step is performed before compression and purification to eliminate certain impurities in advance. This preliminary action reduces the burden on subsequent purification steps and ensures more complete removal of water and other contaminants while maintaining process manageability.
2Manufacturing precision
If a purification step is added to eliminate water, then purification completeness improves, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The purification step is integrated into the existing compression process by performing it between compression stages or immediately after compression. This merging approach eliminates water and other impurities effectively while avoiding the need for completely separate, complex purification systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The purification step utilizes changes in pressure and temperature parameters achieved during compression to facilitate water elimination. By performing purification at high pressure and controlled temperature, the process achieves complete water removal without requiring additional complex equipment, as the parameter changes themselves enable the separation.
3Manufacturing precision
If the purification step is performed at high pressure, then water elimination efficiency improves, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The purification step is performed continuously during the compression process rather than as a separate post-compression step. By maintaining high pressure throughout the purification phase, the system achieves efficient impurity removal while utilizing the compression energy already invested, avoiding the need for additional energy-intensive separate purification operations.
Solution Approach 2:
Certain impurities are eliminated during the preheating step before compression, reducing the total impurity load that must be removed during high-pressure purification. This preliminary elimination reduces the energy required during the high-pressure purification phase while maintaining overall removal efficiency.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method effectively eliminates impurities, including water, from the CO2 stream, ensuring compliance with storage standards by optimizing the purification step's location and using adsorbent materials to achieve a CO2-rich gas stream suitable for storage and transportation, reducing the volume and cost of the purification unit.
Implementation Method 1
a step of preheating the feed gas stream aimed at eliminating, at least partially, one of the impurities
Implementation Method 2
a step of compressing the preheated gas stream to a pressure of between 10 and 50 bar
Implementation Method 3
a purification step is carried out enabling water contained in the gas stream to be at least partially eliminated
Implementation Method 4
a step of eliminating, at a temperature 2-rich gas stream in the liquid, gaseous or supercritical state
Data Source
AI summary
A method for the purification of a feed gas stream containing at least CO2 and at least one impurity with by the incorporation of a purification step, enabling water to be at least partially removed is provided.