CO2 Snow Cleaning Filter for EUV Lithography

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing surface cleaning methods using liquid CO₂ fail to effectively filter out particles smaller than 0.1 µm, leading to surface contamination during the cleaning process, which is critical for maintaining optical system performance, especially in EUV lithography.

Innovation Solution

Implementing a particle filter with a retention rate of at least 0.1 µm, preferably 0.05 µm, made of materials like PTFE, PFA, or PET, and designed to withstand high pressures and flow rates, to ensure particle-free liquid CO₂ supply, followed by mixing with a gas to form a cleaning stream.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional particle filters are used to filter liquid CO2, then large particles can be removed, but particles smaller than 0.1 µm remain and cause surface contamination

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecleaning effectivenessVSAvoidsurface contamination
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the filtration parameter from conventional filter ratings to a fine pore structure with retention rate of at least 0.1 µm, preferably at least 0.05 µm. This parameter change enables the filter to capture sub-micron particles that would otherwise contaminate optical surfaces during cleaning.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs a porous filter medium with specifically controlled pore sizes to achieve the required retention rate. The porous structure allows liquid CO2 to pass through while trapping particles down to 0.1 µm or smaller, depending on the filter's rated retention capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #31Porous materials

2Object-affected harmful factors

If a particle filter with retention rate of 0.1 µm or higher is implemented, then surface contamination is prevented, but the filter must withstand high pressures and flow rates which increases device complexity

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesurface contaminationVSAvoidfilter design complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The filter is designed and pre-configured to withstand the required operating conditions of high pressure and flow rate before actual use. The housing and filter medium are selected and assembled to meet the mechanical and operational requirements, eliminating the need for complex adaptive mechanisms during operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The filter assembly combines a porous filter medium with a robust housing structure made of materials suitable for high-pressure operation. This composite construction achieves both the fine filtration capability and the mechanical strength required without requiring overly complex individual components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Prevents surface contamination by ensuring that particles smaller than 0.1 µm are filtered out, maintaining the cleanliness and performance of optical elements, particularly in EUV lithography systems.

Implementation Method 1

filtering particles contained in the liquid gas with a particle filter

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFiltration: Filter (physical)

Implementation Method 2

generating a solid in the form of CO2 snow from the liquid gas, preferably by expanding the liquid gas

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhase change: Phase Change

Implementation Method 3

expelling the solid onto the surface to be cleaned

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGas pressure propulsion: Pressure Gradient

Data Source

PatentEP4309003B1Method for cleaning a surface, cleaning device and optical assembly
Publication Date: 2026.04.15 CARL ZEISS SMT GMBH
  • EP4309003B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4309003B1 patent drawingFigure 2~4

AI summary

The invention relates to a method for cleaning a surface, more particularly a surface of an optical element, comprising: providing a liquefied gas (31) in the form of liquefied CO2; producing a solid in the form of CO2 snow from the liquefied gas (31), preferably by expanding the liquefied gas (31); and discharging the solid onto the surface to be cleaned. The method also comprises filtering particles contained in the liquefied gas (31) by means of a particulate filter (33) having a retention rate of at least 0.1 µm, preferably of at least 0.05 µm. The invention also relates to a cleaning device for cleaning surfaces, comprising: a providing apparatus (30) for providing a liquefied gas (31) in the form of liquefied CO2, a producing apparatus for producing a solid in the form of CO2 snow, preferably by expanding the liquefied gas (31), and a discharging apparatus for discharging the solid onto the surface to be cleaned. The providing apparatus (30) has at least one particulate filter (33) for removing particles contained in the liquefied gas (31), the particulate filter (33) having a retention rate of at least 0.1 µm, preferably of at least 0.05 µm. The invention also relates to an optical assembly having at least one cleaning device of this type.