Multi-Channel Coagulation Assay Layout to Prevent Sample Cross-Contamination
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing coagulation assay devices require splitting patient's liquid test samples into subsamples, leading to potential cross-contamination and inadequate measurements due to backflow or insufficient volume in subchannels.
Innovation Solution
A multi-channeled coagulation device with a center film housing reaction zones and optical windows, allowing for simultaneous coagulation assays in separate channels without cross-contamination, using capillary action to distribute the sample and optical interrogation for accurate measurement.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If patient's liquid test sample is split into subsamples for coagulation assays, then multiple coagulation parameters can be measured, but cross-contamination and inadequate measurements occur due to backflow or insufficient volume in subchannels
Solution Approach 1:
The device divides the sample distribution into multiple independent microchannels, each capable of receiving and processing subsamples simultaneously. The segmentation is achieved through a microchannel array structure where each channel is isolated, preventing cross-contamination while enabling parallel measurement of multiple coagulation parameters
Solution Approach 2:
A hydrophilic guide structure acts as an intermediary element that directs liquid flow from the sample well into the microchannels. This guide structure ensures proper sample distribution and prevents backflow by creating a controlled flow path that maintains adequate sample volume in each channel
2Quantity of substance
If sample volume is reduced for microchannel assays, then device size and sample consumption are minimized, but measurement precision deteriorates due to insufficient volume
Solution Approach 1:
The device optimizes the physical parameters of the microchannels, including channel dimensions, length, and cross-sectional area, to maintain adequate sample volume while minimizing overall device size. The channel geometry is specifically designed to hold sufficient volume for accurate optical detection of coagulation endpoints
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses multiple identical microchannel copies arranged in parallel, each performing the same coagulation assay function. This replication allows simultaneous measurement of multiple parameters while each individual channel maintains adequate volume for precise measurement
3Loss of time
If multiple coagulation assays are conducted simultaneously in separate channels, then diagnostic speed is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The device merges multiple assay functions into a single integrated platform. The microchannel array, shared sample well, common reagent reservoirs, and unified optical detection system work together as one cohesive device, enabling simultaneous multi-parameter measurement without requiring separate devices for each assay
Solution Approach 2:
The device is designed with universal components that serve multiple functions: the sample well distributes sample to all channels, the reagent reservoirs can supply multiple different reagents, and the optical detection system measures various coagulation parameters across all channels, making the device capable of performing diverse coagulation assays simultaneously
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device provides accurate and expedient diagnostic results for both intrinsic and extrinsic coagulation pathways by minimizing cross-contamination and ensuring adequate sample volume in each channel, enhancing measurement precision.
Implementation Method 1
using capillary action to distribute the sample
Implementation Method 2
optical interrogation for accurate measurement
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2~3
Figure 4A
AI summary
Devices and methods for calculating various coagulation characteristics associated with a patient's liquid test sample. The presently disclosed and claimed inventive concept(s) relate to an improved device(s) and method(s) for conducting coagulation assays on a patient's liquid test sample, including, without limitation, a patient's whole blood sample.