Coated Catalyst Sensitizing Composition for Hydrogen Peroxide Emulsions
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing sensitization methods for hydrogen peroxide-based emulsion explosives face challenges such as inefficient energy use, environmental impact, health and safety risks, and instability, particularly due to the use of nitrate salts, and lack effective chemical gassing techniques for hydrogen peroxide compositions.
Innovation Solution
A sensitizing composition comprising a liquid carrier, solid hydrogen peroxide catalyst, and a non-soluble coating agent is used to control the catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, forming precise gas bubbles for detonation, preventing over-gassing and migration of catalyst particles, allowing for delayed sensitization near the point of use.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If chemical gassing techniques are used for hydrogen peroxide compositions, then sensitization efficiency is improved, but control over bubble formation and catalyst migration becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a coating agent as an intermediary substance that coats the catalyst particles. This coating layer mediates between the catalyst and the hydrogen peroxide, controlling the decomposition reaction to produce uniform bubbles while preventing catalyst migration. The coating agent acts as a buffer that maintains control over the sensitization process.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the physical and chemical parameters of the catalyst by applying a coating layer. This changes the surface properties of the catalyst, controlling the rate and uniformity of hydrogen peroxide decomposition. The coating alters parameters such as surface area, porosity, and chemical reactivity to achieve precise bubble formation control.
2Use of energy by moving object
If nitrate salts are used as oxidizers, then explosive energy is improved, but environmental impact and health safety risks worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameter by replacing nitrate salt oxidizers with hydrogen peroxide-based oxidizers. This substitution maintains explosive energy while significantly reducing environmental impact and health safety risks associated with nitrate salts, such as groundwater contamination and toxic gas generation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the inherent instability of hydrogen peroxide, which could be seen as a harmful factor, into a benefit by using it as a green oxidizer that decomposes into water and oxygen. This eliminates the persistent environmental harm caused by nitrate salts while providing sufficient explosive energy through controlled decomposition.
3Stability of the object's composition
If delayed sensitization near point of use is implemented, then stability during transport is improved, but complexity of the process increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-coating the catalyst particles with the coating agent before use. This preparation step ensures that when the catalyst is introduced to hydrogen peroxide near the point of use, the reaction is immediately controlled and uniform bubbles are formed. This preliminary coating simplifies the delayed sensitization process compared to attempting to control the reaction without pre-preparation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution provides controlled sensitization with precise bubble formation, ensuring stable detonation and reduced health and safety risks, while minimizing environmental impact and production costs.
Implementation Method 1
a solid hydrogen peroxide catalyst which is dispersed in the liquid carrier and a coating agent which is non-soluble in hydrogen peroxide and in water and which is arranged to coat a solid hydrogen peroxide catalyst dispersed in the liquid carrier
Implementation Method 2
the catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, forming precise gas bubbles for detonation
Implementation Method 3
a coating agent which is non-soluble in hydrogen peroxide and in water and which is arranged to coat a solid hydrogen peroxide catalyst dispersed in the liquid carrier
Data Source
AI summary
A sensitizing composition for generating gas bubbles in an energetic hydrogen peroxide emulsion is disclosed. The sensitizing composition comprises a liquid carrier, a solid hydrogen peroxide catalyst which is dispersed in the liquid carrier and; a coating agent which is non-soluble in hydrogen peroxide and in water and which is arranged to coat the solid hydrogen peroxide catalyst dispersed in the liquid carrier. A method of preparing such a sensitizing composition is also disclosed.