Surface-Coated Current Collector for Low-Gas Battery Cycling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Secondary batteries experience performance decline and safety hazards due to interfacial chemical property deterioration from side reactions between the electrode and electrolyte solution during charge-discharge cycles, leading to gas generation and capacity fading.
Innovation Solution
A current collector with a surface modification layer of specific thickness (100 nm to 10 μm) and density (1.7 to 5.5 g/cm3), made of materials like zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, or tin oxide, applied via magnetron sputtering, to block direct contact between the negative electrode metal and electrolyte, reducing side reactions and gas production.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-generated harmful factors
If a surface modification layer is applied to block direct contact between negative electrode metal and electrolyte solution, then side reactions are reduced and gas production is significantly reduced, but the layer may hinder metal ion transmission and increase interface impedance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies a thin film surface modification layer (100 nm to 10 μm) on the current collector. This thin film structure provides physical barrier protection to block direct contact between the negative electrode metal and electrolyte solution, reducing side reactions and gas production, while maintaining sufficient ion transmission capability without excessive thickness that would hinder metal ion transport.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes the thickness parameter of the surface modification layer within a specific range (100 nm to 10 μm). By controlling this parameter, the layer achieves the right balance between providing adequate protection against side reactions and maintaining sufficient conductivity for metal ion transmission, thus resolving the contradiction between protection and transmission.
2Reliability
If the surface modification layer is made thicker to improve protection, then side reactions are better blocked, but metal ion transmission is hindered and interface polarization increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent specifies an optimal thickness range (100 nm to 10 μm) for the surface modification layer. Within this range, the layer provides adequate protection against side reactions while avoiding excessive thickness that would hinder metal ion transmission and increase interface polarization. The lower bound ensures sufficient protection, and the upper bound prevents excessive impedance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a thin film structure rather than a thick coating. This thin film approach provides the necessary protective function while minimizing the barrier effect on metal ion transmission, thus reducing interface polarization and energy loss during charge-discharge cycles.
3Reliability
If the surface modification layer is made thinner to improve ion transmission, then metal ion transmission is facilitated, but the layer cannot resist volume change and is prone to rupture
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies a thin film surface modification layer with optimized thickness (100 nm to 10 μm) that provides sufficient mechanical strength to resist volume changes during charge-discharge cycles while maintaining good metal ion transmission. The film is thin enough to facilitate ion transmission but thick enough to provide structural integrity and prevent rupture.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses composite material structures where the surface modification layer is formed on the current collector. This composite structure combines the protective and conductive properties of the modification layer with the mechanical strength of the current collector, enabling the system to resist volume changes while maintaining ion transmission capability.
4Reliability
If a surface modification layer is applied to improve interface stability and safety, then cycle capacity retention is improved, but the manufacturing process complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a thin film surface modification layer that can be applied through established coating techniques. This approach adds the necessary protective function to improve interface stability and cycle capacity retention while using成熟 manufacturing processes, thus limiting the increase in manufacturing complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes the thickness parameter of the surface modification layer within a specific range (100 nm to 10 μm). By controlling this parameter, the layer achieves the required protective function without requiring excessive material or complex multi-layer structures, thus limiting the increase in manufacturing complexity while improving reliability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The surface modification layer enhances cycle capacity retention, improves safety, and maintains interface stability by preventing side reactions and gas generation, while ensuring good conductivity and mechanical strength.
Implementation Method 1
The surface modification layer can block the direct contact between a negative active material (such as a negative electrode metal) and an electrolyte solution, reduce side reactions between the metal and the electrolyte solution
Implementation Method 2
applied via magnetron sputtering
Data Source
AI summary
A current collector with a coating, a secondary battery, a battery module, a battery pack, and an electrical device are disclosed. The coating includes at least a surface modification layer. The coating is formed on at least one side of the current collector. A thickness of the surface modification layer is 100 nm to 10 μm. The coating formed on at least one side of the current collector can effectively block direct contact between a negative electrode metal and an electrolyte solution constituent, thereby reducing side reactions between the negative electrode metal and the electrolyte solution, significantly reducing gas generated by the battery during cycling, and improving the cycle performance and safety of the battery.