Coating Microstructure Determination via Polarized Electromagnetic Signals

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Solution Overview

Problem

Traditional methods for inspecting microstructures of coatings on turbine engine components are destructive, leading to part loss and lengthy processing times, whereas non-destructive methods require physical movement of components or electromagnetic sources.

Innovation Solution

A method involving the projection of electromagnetic signals at different planes of polarization onto a coating, with time delays calculated from reflected signals to determine microstructure without moving the component or source, allowing for non-destructive and contactless analysis.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If traditional destructive analysis methods are used to inspect coating microstructure, then measurement precision can be achieved, but productivity is reduced due to lengthy processing times and part loss

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemicrostructure inspection accuracyVSAvoidinspection throughput
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces destructive mechanical inspection methods with non-destructive electromagnetic wave-based inspection. The system uses electromagnetic waves to probe the coating microstructure, obtaining information about columnar grain structures without physically damaging the component, thereby maintaining measurement precision while dramatically improving productivity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces electromagnetic waves as an intermediary medium to interact with the coating microstructure. The electromagnetic waves penetrate the coating and interact with the microstructure, allowing indirect observation of microstructural features without direct mechanical contact or destruction of the sample

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Productivity

If non-destructive electromagnetic pulse methods are used, then productivity is improved by avoiding part destruction, but device complexity increases due to requirements for physical movement of components or sources

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinspection efficiencyVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces mechanical movement systems with a stationary electromagnetic inspection system. Instead of requiring physical movement of components or electromagnetic sources as in traditional non-destructive methods, this system uses a fixed configuration that emits electromagnetic waves and detects reflections, significantly reducing device complexity while maintaining high productivity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent segments the inspection process into distinct electromagnetic interaction components: wave emission, microstructure interaction, reflection detection, and data processing. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized independently, reducing overall system complexity while maintaining inspection efficiency

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Measurement precision

If destructive analysis with cutting and polishing is used, then measurement precision is achieved, but loss of time occurs due to 24-48 hour processing requirements

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemicrostructure determination accuracyVSAvoidinspection cycle time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent substitutes mechanical cutting and polishing operations with electromagnetic wave-based microstructure probing. The electromagnetic waves can penetrate the coating and provide microstructural information without any physical contact or preparation time, reducing inspection cycle time from 24-48 hours to near-real-time measurements while preserving measurement precision

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent performs the microstructure inspection action immediately on the as-deposited coating without requiring preliminary cutting or polishing steps. The electromagnetic waves can directly interact with the coating microstructure in its original state, eliminating time-consuming preparation operations while maintaining the ability to accurately determine microstructural features

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables accurate, rapid determination of coating microstructure, reducing inspection time from 24-48 hours to 10-20 minutes and allowing for multiple component inspections without part destruction.

Implementation Method 1

polarizing the supplied electromagnetic signal to define a first polarized signal having a first plane of polarization

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPolarisation: Polarisation

Implementation Method 2

a portion of the first polarized signal reflected from a surface of the coating, and a portion of the first polarized signal reflected at an interface of a substrate of the component and refracted by the coating

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectReflection: Reflection

Implementation Method 3

a portion of the first polarized signal reflected at an interface of a substrate of the component and refracted by the coating

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRefraction: Refraction

Data Source

PatentEP4372368A1Method for determining the microstructure for a coating
Publication Date: 2024.05.22 GENERAL ELECTRIC CO
  • EP4372368A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4372368A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4372368A1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

A method (500, 600) for determining (510, 611) a microstructure of a coating (120) on a component (116). The method (500, 600) includes projecting (502, 602) at least a first electromagnetic signal in a first plane of polarization onto the coating (120) and a second electromagnetic signal in a second plane of polarization is onto the coating (120). A first and second time delay (406, 416, 430) can be determined. The microstructure of the coating (120) is based on a difference between at least two time delays (406, 416, 430).