Particle Coating Reactor with Sieve Deagglomeration

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Solution Overview

Problem

Gas phase coating techniques for forming fully coated particles often result in incomplete coatings due to particle aggregation, leading to pinholes and uneven size distribution, which is problematic for controlled drug release and pharmaceutical applications.

Innovation Solution

A reactor system with a sieve mechanism that deagglomerates particles during the coating process, ensuring a dense and uniform coating by forcing particles through the sieve to break aggregates and maintain desired size distribution, allowing for continuous coating without manual handling.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If gas phase coating technique is applied to particles, then coating is formed on particles, but particles clump together to form aggregates resulting in incomplete coating

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoating completenessVSAvoidparticle aggregation
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies periodic action by alternating between coating cycles and deagglomeration steps. During coating, particles are exposed to gas phase materials to form coating layers. Between coating cycles, ultrasonic vibration is applied to deagglomerate particles that have clumped together, ensuring they are properly separated before the next coating cycle. This periodic alternation between coating and deagglomeration prevents permanent aggregation and ensures complete, uniform coating coverage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs mechanical vibration through ultrasonic vibration to deagglomerate particles. The ultrasonic vibration applies high-frequency mechanical energy to the particle bed, breaking apart aggregates formed during coating cycles. This mechanical vibration ensures particles remain separated and properly exposed to gas phase coating materials, preventing incomplete coating and pinhole formation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #18Mechanical vibration

2Ease of manufacture

If particles are allowed to aggregate during coating, then processing is simpler, but coating uniformity and particle size distribution deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprocessing simplicityVSAvoidcoating uniformity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent maintains processing simplicity while achieving coating uniformity through periodic action. The process alternates between coating cycles and automated ultrasonic deagglomeration steps, both of which are easily implemented within the same reactor system. This periodic approach prevents particle aggregation during coating without requiring complex external handling or manual intervention, thus maintaining ease of manufacture while ensuring uniform coating coverage and consistent particle size distribution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies self-service by incorporating the deagglomeration function directly into the coating reactor system. The ultrasonic vibration source is integrated into the reactor, allowing the system to automatically deagglomerate particles during the coating process without requiring external equipment or manual handling. This self-service approach simplifies the overall manufacturing process while ensuring consistent coating uniformity through automated particle management.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Stability of the object's composition

If manual handling is used to separate aggregates, then deagglomeration can be achieved, but processing time increases and reproducibility decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveparticle separationVSAvoidprocessing time
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent eliminates manual handling by implementing a self-service deagglomeration system using ultrasonic vibration integrated into the reactor. The ultrasonic source automatically deagglomerates particles during the coating process through high-frequency mechanical vibration, achieving particle separation without any manual intervention. This automated approach reduces processing time by eliminating manual handling steps and improves reproducibility by providing consistent, controllable deagglomeration throughout the coating process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces manual mechanical handling with an automated ultrasonic vibration system. Instead of using manual techniques to separate aggregates, the system employs ultrasonic waves to generate mechanical vibration that automatically deagglomerates particles. This substitution of manual mechanical operations with an automated physical field-based system reduces processing time and enhances reproducibility through precise control of vibration parameters.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

4Productivity

If aggregates are not deagglomerated, then processing is faster, but pinholes and exposed cores are created in coated particles

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprocessing speedVSAvoidcoating quality
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent achieves both fast processing and high coating quality through periodic action. The process rapidly alternates between coating cycles and brief ultrasonic deagglomeration steps, both performed automatically within the same reactor. This periodic approach ensures particles are quickly deagglomerated between coating cycles, preventing pinhole formation and exposed cores, while maintaining high processing speed through automated operation without manual intervention.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses mechanical vibration from ultrasonic sources to rapidly deagglomerate particles between coating cycles. This quick mechanical vibration action prevents particle aggregation during the coating process, ensuring complete and uniform coating coverage without pinholes or exposed cores. The rapid nature of ultrasonic vibration maintains processing speed while significantly improving coating quality through effective particle separation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #18Mechanical vibration

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution achieves fully coated particles with a dense, uniform coating, preventing pinholes and ensuring consistent size, which is crucial for controlled drug release and pharmaceutical formulations, reducing processing time and risk while enhancing reproducibility and safety.

Implementation Method 1

a forcing means configured to force the particles through the sieve in use, wherein the sieve is configured to deagglomerate any particle aggregates formed in the reactor vessel upon forcing of the particles by the forcing means through the sieve

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMechanical Force: Mechanical Force

Implementation Method 2

The gas phase coating technique sequentially introduces pulses of gas phase materials or reactants to deposit or form a coating on the substance

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectChemical Vapour Deposition: Chemical Vapour Deposition

Implementation Method 3

Adding a first precursor in the gaseous state to a reaction chamber containing the substrate to be coated, which precursor being thereby adsorbed onto the surface of the substrate

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAdsorption: Adsorption

Data Source

PatentUS11214865B2Apparatus for coating particles
Publication Date: 2022.01.04 NANEXA
  • US11214865B2 patent drawing
  • US11214865B2 patent drawing
  • US11214865B2 patent drawing

AI summary

A reactor for forming fully coated particles having a solid core, the reactor comprises a reactor vessel which is configured to receive particles, and a gas phase coating mechanism that is configured to selectively introduce pulses of gas phase materials that form a coating on the particles. The reactor also includes a sieve (16) that is located within the reactor vessel, and a forcing means that is configured to force the particles through the sieve (16) in use. The sieve is configured to deagglomerate any particle aggregates formed in the reactor vessel upon forcing of the particles by the forcing means through the sieve.