Coaxial Connector Impedance Matching via Air Layer Diameter Variation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional coaxial connectors experience impedance mismatch and deteriorated impedance characteristics when processing high-frequency signals above 3 GHz, requiring complex structures and often resulting in unsatisfactory performance.
Innovation Solution
The coaxial connector design includes an outer conductive member, insulation member, and annular metal member, where the central conductive member is supported by the insulation member and penetrates a through hole of the outer conductive member, creating an air layer with a larger diameter near the facing surface of the annular metal member, which improves impedance characteristics by adjusting the ratio between the outer and inner diameters.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a conventional coaxial connector structure is used, then the connector can be secured on a circuit board with screws, but impedance mismatch occurs when processing high-frequency signals higher than 3 GHz, deteriorating impedance characteristics
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by creating a non-uniform air layer with varying diameter along the axial direction. The air layer has a larger diameter near the facing surface of the annular metal member and a smaller diameter away from it, forming a localized geometric variation that optimizes impedance characteristics at the critical interface region where impedance matching is most needed for high-frequency signals
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the geometric parameter of the air layer diameter along the axial direction. By controlling the ratio between the outer diameter of the central conductive member and the inner diameter of the outer conductive member, and specifically designing the air layer diameter to be larger near the facing surface, the impedance characteristics are optimized for high-frequency signal transmission
2Reliability
If the air layer diameter is increased near the facing surface, then impedance matching is improved, but the overall connector size may increase
Solution Approach 1:
The air layer diameter is increased only in the local region near the facing surface of the annular metal member, rather than uniformly throughout the entire connector. This localized enlargement optimizes impedance matching at the critical interface while minimizing the overall volume increase of the connector
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes impedance characteristics by varying the air layer diameter in the radial dimension while maintaining compact axial length. The diameter variation occurs in the radial direction perpendicular to the axial direction, allowing impedance optimization without significantly increasing the connector's axial footprint
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances impedance matching and reduces insertion loss and voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), achieving better high-frequency signal transmission by stabilizing the air layer's permittivity and minimizing impedance mismatch.
Implementation Method 1
achieving better high-frequency signal transmission by stabilizing the air layer's permittivity and minimizing impedance mismatch
Data Source
AI summary
A coaxial connector includes an outer conductive member including a board mounting portion and a main body portion; an insulation member disposed in the outer conductive member; a central conductive member supported with the insulation member; and a metal member disposed in the outer conductive member below the insulation member. The metal member includes a through hole for retaining the central conductive member therein. The central conductive member is situated in the through hole away from an inner surface of the through hole by a first distance at an upper portion of the through hole. The central conductive member is situated in the through hole away from the inner surface of the through hole by a second distance at a lower portion of the through hole. The first distance is greater than the second distance.