Coaxial Quick Coupling for High-Pressure Emergency Tools
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current coaxial quick couplings in high-pressure applications face issues such as structural complexity, low standardization of internal components, risk of overheating, fluid leakages, and assembly difficulties due to small passages and high localized load leakages, as well as the need for orientation of reference pins and lack of safety against accidental releasing.
Innovation Solution
A coaxial quick coupling design with simplified construction, fewer elastomeric sealing points, larger passage sections for linear fluid flow, and standardized internal components, featuring a metal seal valve and spring mechanism to prevent fluid mixing and accidental disconnection, along with a safety ring nut system to prevent accidental uncoupling.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If traditional separate quick couplings are used for high pressure and low pressure lines, then the coupling can handle very high pressures (72 MPa), but the user experiences time waste and error risks due to confusion between the two couplings
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines two separate quick couplings (one for high pressure delivery line and one for low pressure return line) into a single integrated coupling body. The coupling body contains two separate coupling mechanisms that can be operated simultaneously or sequentially, allowing both high pressure and low pressure lines to be connected through one unified component rather than requiring two separate coupling operations.
2Volume of moving object
If coaxial pipes are used to integrate high and low pressure lines, then the coupling becomes more compact, but the passages become small leading to overheating risk and high localized load leakages
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from a strictly coaxial arrangement to a side-by-side configuration where the high pressure and low pressure passages are positioned adjacent to each other rather than one inside the other. This dimensional change allows for larger passage cross-sections while maintaining a compact overall coupling size, thereby reducing overheating risk and localized load leakages.
3Ease of operation
If reference pins are used to guide connection, then the user can correctly position the two parts, but the coupling requires orientation which complicates the connection process
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs asymmetric design elements such as a conical seat and corresponding conical tip that provide natural alignment during connection. The asymmetric geometry guides the coupling parts into correct orientation automatically during the pushing motion, eliminating the need for separate orientation steps while maintaining connection guidance functionality.
4Reliability
If elastomeric sealing points are used in small passages, then the coupling can seal effectively, but the high localized load causes fluid leakages and assembly difficulties
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical parameters of the sealing system by increasing passage sizes and redistributing load paths. This reduces the localized stress concentration on elastomeric sealing points, preventing fluid leakages while also making assembly easier by reducing the force required to install and remove the coupling components.
5Ease of operation
If a simple push connection is used, then the coupling is easy to connect and disconnect, but there is no safety against accidental uncoupling under high pressure
Solution Approach 1:
The patent incorporates a safety mechanism that requires a deliberate two-step action for uncoupling: first, a ring nut must be rotated to release a locking feature, and only then can the coupling be pulled apart. This preliminary action (rotating the ring nut) prevents accidental uncoupling while maintaining relative simplicity, as the connection itself remains a simple push-in operation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enhances reliability, reduces assembly complexity, minimizes fluid leakage, and ensures safe operation even with safety gloves, while maintaining high standardization and cost-effectiveness by using interchangeable components.
Implementation Method 1
spring mechanism to prevent fluid mixing
Implementation Method 2
safety ring nut system to prevent accidental uncoupling
Data Source
AI summary
A coaxial quick coupling suitable for being employed in very high pressure applications in the field of emergency tools, such as shears, retractors, cylinder lifters and the like, and/or in the construction field. The coupling according to the present invention is characterized in that it has a high standardization of the internal components, different components being used both in the male coupling and in the female coupling, and in that it has a greater structural and constructional simplicity, also having few points of elastomeric sealing, which results in longer duration and greater reliability of the coupling itself.