Coaxial Three-Position Shift Module for Reliable Piston Force

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing three-position shift modules for vehicles lack sufficient radial piston forces for reliable switching movements, leading to inefficiencies in gear shifting.

Innovation Solution

The design features shifting pistons with approximately equal effective pressure areas, a coaxial through-opening for the first shifting piston, and a partition wall separating the first and second shifting cylinders, with a stop on the shifting rod to manage piston movements and maintain pressure, allowing for reliable transitions between shift positions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If a single switching piston is used to actuate the switching rod, then the device complexity is reduced, but the piston force becomes insufficient for reliable switching movement

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenumber of switching pistonsVSAvoidpiston force
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSForce

Solution Approach 1:

The switching mechanism is divided into two independent switching pistons (first switching piston in first switching cylinder, second switching piston in second switching cylinder) that act on the switching rod in sequence. Each piston has its own pressure chamber and actuation mechanism, allowing the switching force to be distributed across multiple stages rather than requiring a single high-force piston.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Force

If the second switching piston is pressurized to achieve reliable switching to the third position, then the piston force is increased, but the switching time increases due to prior venting requirements

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesecond piston forceVSAvoidswitching time
Core Design Contradiction:
ForceVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The first switching piston is pressurized in advance to maintain pressure readiness. When switching from the third to first position is required, the first switching cylinder is already pressurized and can immediately actuate the switching rod once the second piston retracts, eliminating the need for prior venting operations and reducing overall switching time.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Ease of operation

If the first switching cylinder is vented before switching back to the first position, then the switching sequence is simplified, but disturbing noises occur due to the first switching piston striking its position

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveswitching sequenceVSAvoidswitching noise
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The system allows the first switching piston to remain in its extended position under maintained pressure, using the pressure itself to hold the piston in place without requiring venting. This converts the potential harmful effect of rapid piston movement and impact into a beneficial holding force that prevents noise while simplifying the switching sequence.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

4Volume of moving object

If the switching rod is guided through a coaxial opening in the partition wall, then the structural compactness is improved, but the radial extent constraints create design limitations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoverall module volumeVSAvoiddesign flexibility
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The switching rod is nested through the partition wall via a coaxial opening, with the rod passing through both the first and second switching cylinders. The stop feature is nested on the switching rod at a specific distance from the second switching piston, creating a compact hierarchical structure where components are arranged concentrically to minimize overall volume while maintaining functional independence.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration ensures reliable switching to all three positions, minimizing shifting time and noise, while maintaining piston force and preventing overshooting, even at the highest spring restoring force position.

Implementation Method 1

a spring force, with both switching pistons being in their retracted position under the influence of the spring force

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSpring force: Spring

Implementation Method 2

pressurized pneumatically

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure: Pressure Increase

Data Source

PatentEP4145022A1Three-position switching module
Publication Date: 2023.03.08 ZF FRIEDRICHSHAFEN AG
  • EP4145022A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4145022A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4145022A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The invention relates to a three-position switching module with a switching rod 13, which is axially displaceable into a first, a second, and a third switching position and on which a switching fork 29 is fixedly arranged, wherein the switching rod 13 can be axially driven against a spring force by a first switching piston 23, which can be pressurized on one side, and by a second switching piston 20, which can be pressurized on one side in the same direction as the first switching piston 23. The first switching piston 23 is displaceably arranged in a first switching cylinder 1, and the second switching piston 20 is displaceably arranged in a second switching cylinder 5, which is coaxial with the first switching cylinder 1.The switching pistons 20 and 23 have at least approximately equal pressure-acting surfaces, and the first switching piston 23 has a coaxial through-opening 24 with which it is guided axially displaceably and sealed on the switching rod 13, and the switching rod 13 projects through a coaxial opening 9 in a partition 7 separating the first switching cylinder 1 from the second switching cylinder 5. A stop 27 is arranged on the switching rod 13 at a distance from the second switching piston 20, the radial extent of which is smaller than the radial extent of the coaxial opening 19 of the partition 7 and larger than the radial extent of the through-opening 24 of the first switching piston 23.