Coaxial Waveguide Splitter Layout for Dual-Band Polarization Switching
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing dual-frequency dual-polarization splitters face challenges in structural layout convenience, product realization, and flexibility in switching between single-polarization and dual-polarization modes due to cross-cavity designs, which hinder efficient signal transmission and processing.
Innovation Solution
A dual-frequency dual-polarization splitter utilizing a coaxial circular waveguide, cross-shaped waveguide power divider, and E/H-plane waveguide magic Ts, along with an ortho-mode transition, to facilitate simultaneous high and low-frequency transmission with dual-polarization capabilities and flexible switching between polarizations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a cross-cavity design is used with four U-shaped curved waveguide elements, then excellent electrical performance is achieved, but the structural layout becomes inconvenient for product realization and processing
Solution Approach 1:
The device is divided into an upper assembly and a lower assembly that can be separately manufactured and then assembled together. This segmentation allows each assembly to be processed independently using conventional techniques, avoiding the manufacturing difficulties of the cross-cavity design while maintaining the electrical performance benefits.
Solution Approach 2:
A common mode rejection circuit is introduced as an intermediary component between the waveguide elements and the output ports. This circuit mediates the signal paths to achieve the necessary isolation and electrical performance without requiring the complex cross-cavity structural layout that would be difficult to manufacture.
2Reliability
If waveguide cavities are intersected to achieve polarization separation, then isophase polarization separation is achieved, but the processing of product parts becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The polarization separation function is achieved through separate, non-intersecting waveguide paths in the upper and lower assemblies rather than through intersecting cavities. Each assembly handles specific polarization components independently, eliminating the need for difficult intersecting part processing while maintaining polarization separation performance.
3Volume of moving object
If a compact design is implemented, then space is reduced, but the structure becomes difficult to process and assemble
Solution Approach 1:
The device is segmented into two compact assemblies that can be manufactured separately and then assembled. This approach allows each assembly to be optimized for compactness while maintaining manufacturability, and the final assembly achieves overall compactness without sacrificing processing ease.
Solution Approach 2:
The upper and lower assemblies are designed to nest together during assembly, with components fitting into corresponding receptacles and mounting structures. This nesting approach achieves compact overall dimensions while allowing each assembly to be processed independently using conventional techniques.
4Device complexity
If fixed polarization mode is used, then simple structure is achieved, but flexibility in switching between single-polarization and dual-polarization modes is lost
Solution Approach 1:
The device incorporates switchable components that allow the polarization mode to be dynamically changed between single-polarization and dual-polarization configurations. This dynamic capability is achieved through controllable circuit elements and reconfigurable signal paths that maintain relative structural simplicity while providing operational flexibility.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution reduces transmission loss, improves bandwidth and port isolation, and enables compact, easily processable products with flexible polarization switching, suitable for miniaturization and batch production.
Implementation Method 1
the coaxial circular waveguide includes an outer circular waveguide and an inner circular waveguide located in the outer circular waveguide; the inner circular waveguide penetrates through the cross-shaped waveguide power divider for transmitting a high-frequency signal
Implementation Method 2
a cross-shaped waveguide cavity is formed in the cross-shaped waveguide power divider, the cross-shaped waveguide cavity is in communication with the outer circular waveguide, and the inner circular waveguide penetrates through the cross-shaped waveguide power divider
Implementation Method 3
two signal channels located in a first direction respectively are in communication with two input ports of the first waveguide magic T, and the other two signal channels located in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction respectively are in communication with two input ports of the second waveguide magic T
Implementation Method 4
an output port of the first waveguide magic T and an output port of the second waveguide magic T are both in communication with input ports of the ortho-mode transition; an output port of the ortho-mode transition forms a circular waveguide interface
Data Source
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AI summary
The present invention discloses a dual-frequency dual-polarization splitter connecting a cross-shaped waveguide power divider to with an E-plane waveguide magic T and an ortho-mode transition through an E/H-plane 90° curved waveguide to form a new type of coaxial waveguide ortho-mode transition, thereby implementing the structure of coaxial circular waveguide feeding in high and low frequencies at the same time, reducing the length of the high-frequency transmission line, and reducing the transmission loss. Meanwhile, the present invention implements dual-polarization transmission in each frequency band, and can flexibly switch between vertical polarization and horizontal polarization when the dual-polarization has been converted to the single-polarization.