Cobalt Tin Spinel Oxide Anode for Sodium Ion Battery Capacity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current sodium ion secondary batteries face limitations due to low energy and output density compared to lithium ion batteries, and existing anode materials for sodium ion batteries have limitations in charging/discharging capacity due to the large size of sodium ions, necessitating the development of high-capacity anode active materials.
Innovation Solution
The use of cobalt tin spinel oxide as an anode active material, obtained through a simple precipitation process, which provides improved sodium ion diffusion rates and thermal stability, allowing for high-capacity characteristics in sodium ion secondary batteries.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If existing layered anode material is used for sodium ion secondary battery, then the battery can be constructed, but the charging/discharging capacity is limited due to the large size of sodium ion
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical and chemical parameters of the anode material by using metal oxide with different crystal structure and composition ratios. The metal oxide anode material has different interstitial spaces and electronic structure compared to layered materials, enabling better sodium ion insertion/extraction and achieving high capacity characteristics
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite material strategy by using metal oxide compounds (such as Co3O4, Fe3O4, Mn3O4, or their mixtures) that combine multiple metallic elements. These composite oxides provide synergistic effects that enhance both capacity and sodium ion diffusion properties
2Quantity of substance
If metal oxide is used as anode material to overcome sodium ion size limitation, then high capacity characteristics are achieved, but the preparation process becomes complex
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the preparation process into distinct stages: (1) mixing metal precursors in specific molar ratios, (2) precipitation treatment with base solution, (3) filtration and washing, and (4) heat treatment. This segmentation makes the complex metal oxide preparation process systematic and controllable
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary actions by pre-mixing metal precursors with controlled composition ratios before precipitation. The precursor mixture is prepared with exact stoichiometric ratios of different metals, and the precipitation conditions (base concentration, temperature, addition rate) are predetermined to ensure consistent product quality
3Ease of manufacture
If simple precipitation process is used to prepare cobalt tin spinel oxide, then the manufacturing complexity is reduced, but the material stability at high temperature may be compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the heat treatment parameters (temperature range, holding time, atmosphere) to achieve the desired spinel structure. By controlling these parameters, the material achieves both the required thermal stability and the desired crystal structure from the simple precipitation precursor
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes phase transition during heat treatment to transform the precipitated precursor into the stable spinel phase. The controlled heating process induces the necessary phase transformation that confers thermal stability to the final product
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The cobalt tin spinel oxide anode active material enables sodium ion secondary batteries to achieve high capacity and thermal stability, with improved sodium ion diffusion rates and reduced material loss at high temperatures, enhancing their performance and longevity.
Implementation Method 1
improved sodium ion diffusion rates
Implementation Method 2
obtained by a simple precipitation process
Data Source
AI summary
An anode active material for a sodium ion secondary battery, a sodium ion secondary battery including an anode active material, and an electric device including the sodium ion secondary battery are disclosed. The anode active material for a sodium ion secondary battery includes a cobalt tin spinel oxide represented by Co2.4Sn0.6O4. The sodium ion secondary battery includes an anode made of an anode active material composed of a cobalt tin spinel oxide represented by Chemical Formula 1 below:Co2+xSn1-xO4, Chemical Formula 1where x is a real number satisfying 0≤x≤0.9;an electrolyte; and a cathode. The sodium ion secondary battery has high capacity characteristics. The electric device including the sodium ion secondary battery includes an electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, and an electric power storage system.