Coffin Lowering Device with Three Independent Drives
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing devices are unable to efficiently lower coffins into graves when the opening is shorter than the coffin, as they only allow vertical lowering and do not accommodate the trapezoidal shape of grave openings, limiting the coffin's movement along both vertical and horizontal axes.
Innovation Solution
A device with three independent drives, utilizing pulleys and chain drive transmissions powered by accumulators, enables the vertical and horizontal movement of coffins, allowing for independent vertical lowering of both sides and horizontal movement to accommodate the trapezoidal shape of grave openings, through a sequence of operations involving partial rotation, horizontal movement, and vertical positioning.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a coffin is lowered vertically only, then the device structure is simple, but the coffin cannot be properly buried when the opening is shorter than the coffin length
Solution Approach 1:
The device segments the coffin lowering process into multiple independent movements: vertical lowering via first and second winding mechanisms, and horizontal movement via third winding mechanism. This segmentation allows the coffin to be positioned in stages, first vertically into the opening and then horizontally to the full burial depth, resolving the contradiction between adaptability and structural complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention adds a horizontal dimension to the traditional vertical lowering process. By incorporating a third winding mechanism that enables horizontal movement of the coffin, the device can accommodate grave openings shorter than the coffin length. The coffin is first lowered vertically and then moved horizontally along the third band to reach the bottom of the grave.
2Productivity
If manual rope methods are used, then the device is simple, but the lowering process is inefficient and labor-intensive
Solution Approach 1:
The invention replaces manual rope-based mechanical systems with an automated winding mechanism system powered by a power supply unit. The first, second, and third winding mechanisms automatically control the bands to lower and position the coffin, eliminating manual labor and significantly improving operational efficiency while managing complexity through systematic automation.
Solution Approach 2:
The device incorporates self-service features through the control system that automatically coordinates the three winding mechanisms. The system can autonomously manage the lowering process, adjusting the tension and movement of each band to properly position the coffin in the grave without requiring continuous manual intervention, thereby improving productivity.
3Length of moving object
If the coffin is lowered without horizontal movement capability, then the device is simpler, but the coffin cannot be fully inserted into the grave when the opening is shorter than the coffin
Solution Approach 1:
The device segments the coffin positioning into two distinct phases: vertical lowering handled by the first and second winding mechanisms, and horizontal insertion handled by the third winding mechanism. This segmentation allows the coffin to be lowered to the opening level first, then moved horizontally the remaining distance to reach the bottom of the grave, achieving full burial depth despite the limited vertical opening.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention solves the length limitation by introducing horizontal movement along a third band. The coffin is first positioned vertically within the opening using the first two winding mechanisms, then the third winding mechanism moves it horizontally along the grave to the bottom, effectively extending the burial capability beyond the vertical opening length.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables the safe and efficient lowering of coffins into graves with openings shorter than the coffin, ensuring complete burial by allowing independent vertical and horizontal movement, addressing the limitations of previous manual and primitive methods.
Implementation Method 1
The chain drive transmissions are in the boxes (3, 4)
Implementation Method 2
The pulleys (32-35) are on the shafts (20-22)
Implementation Method 3
The drive stems from the engines powered by accumulators
Data Source
Figure 1
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AI summary
The invention is related to the procedure and the device for lowering coffins into graves when the length of the opening is shorter than the length of the coffin; it is constructed as a frame and consists of the beams (1,2,7,8), which are connected to the frames (30,31), while the beams (1, 2) connects the legs (48,49,50,51,52,53). The chain drive transmission (56) for movement of the band (26) along the vertical axis, and the chain drive transmission (54), for linear movement of a part of the device along the horizontal axis, are located in the box (3), while the chain drive transmission (55), for movement of the band (25) along the vertical axis, is in the box (4). The procedure for lowering a coffin into a grave is carried out by putting the coffin (76) onto the roller (27) and moving it until its weight is equally distributed onto the bands (25,26) and then lowering it vertically in the directions of (X,Y) until it nearly reaches the grave opening, after which the band (25) is lowered, so one end of the coffin (76) is lowered by partial rotation around the band (26), vertically in the direction of (X), until it partially enters the grave. Afterwards, the coffin (76) on the bands (25,26) is moved in the direction of (Z) until it is close to the front side (74) of the grave, and then is lowered by partial rotation around the band (25), vertically in the direction of (Y), until it passes the back side (75) of the grave and assumes horizontal position, after which it is lowered vertically in the directions of (X,Y) to the bottom (73) of the grave, when the band (25) is completely unwound (lowered) from the pulleys (33 and 35), just like the band (26) from the pulleys (32 and 34). Finally, the bands (25, 26) are detached from the pulley (35, 34) and can be manually lifted.