Coherent Signal Analyzer for Multipath Channel Characterization

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current systems lack effective methods for analyzing signals that have propagated through frequency-selective channels, such as multipath channels, to obtain information about transmitters, receivers, and targets within these channels, as existing techniques fail to fully utilize multipath propagation effects for characterizing channel changes and transmitter/receiver properties.

Innovation Solution

The described systems and methods analyze signals that have propagated through frequency-selective channels by comparing modified versions of transmitted signals with each other and with the original signals, using techniques like coherent signal synthesis and analysis, polarization mode dispersion characterization, and comparing frequency component phases and amplitudes to determine information about the transmitter, receiver, and channel, including targets, through the use of multiple antennas and signal processing methods.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of information

If conventional signal analysis methods are used, then the analysis process is simple, but the ability to extract information about transmitter, receiver, and channel is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinformation extraction capabilityVSAvoidsignal processing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of informationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the received signal into multiple components corresponding to different propagation paths (direct path, reflected paths, diffracted paths). By separating and analyzing each path component individually, the system can extract specific information about the transmitter, receiver, and channel characteristics that would be lost in conventional aggregate signal analysis.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces polarization as an additional dimension for signal analysis. By measuring both amplitude and polarization state of signals arriving via different paths, the system gains extra degrees of freedom for characterizing the transmitter-channel-receiver system, enabling extraction of information that cannot be obtained through conventional scalar signal analysis alone.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Measurement precision

If multipath propagation effects are utilized for channel characterization, then information about channel changes and targets is obtained, but the analysis complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvechannel characterization accuracyVSAvoidsignal analysis difficulty
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDifficulty of detecting and measuring

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs feedback mechanisms where the received signal components are compared against expected signal models. By continuously adjusting the signal separation and analysis based on measured polarization states and arrival times, the system refines its characterization of channel properties and target locations, improving measurement precision through iterative optimization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses polarization state as an intermediary parameter to facilitate channel characterization. Rather than directly measuring complex channel impulse responses, the system measures polarization states of signals arriving via different paths, which serve as intermediate indicators that reveal channel properties and target characteristics through mathematical relationships.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Loss of information

If multiple antennas and signal processing methods are used, then detailed information about the system is obtained, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem information completenessVSAvoidantenna and processing system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of informationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent designs the antenna system and signal processing architecture to perform multiple functions simultaneously. The same received signal components are used for both channel characterization and target detection, and the polarization measurement system serves both to separate multipath components and to characterize transmitter and receiver properties, reducing overall system complexity through functional integration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent combines multiple measurement functions into a unified analysis framework. By merging the analysis of amplitude, arrival time, and polarization state into a single coherent signal processing pipeline, the system extracts comprehensive system information without requiring separate dedicated subsystems for each measurement type, thereby managing complexity through integration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Data Source

PatentEP3375217B1Coherent signal analyzer system
Publication Date: 2022.07.27 UNIV OF NOTRE DAME DU LAC
  • EP3375217B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3375217B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3375217B1 patent drawingFigure 3A

AI summary

Systems and methods for analyzing a characteristic of a transmitter, a receiver, or a propagation channel are disclosed. At least one receiver signal resulting from at least one transmitter signal that has propagated through a propagation channel can be obtained. A first signal pair can be formed from a first receiver signal and a first transmitter signal, or from first and second receiver signals obtained from spatially-separated receiver antennas, or from first and second receiver signals which are attributable to different transmitter signals. Amplitude and phase information of a plurality of frequency components for each signal in the first signal pair can be determined. A set of comparison values for the first signal pair can be determined by comparing respective frequency component phases or respective frequency component amplitudes. A characteristic of the set of comparison values can then be analyzed.